Muse ntawm ib puag ncig Leningrad: txoj hmoo txaus ntshai ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Olga Berggolts
Muse ntawm ib puag ncig Leningrad: txoj hmoo txaus ntshai ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Olga Berggolts

Video: Muse ntawm ib puag ncig Leningrad: txoj hmoo txaus ntshai ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Olga Berggolts

Video: Muse ntawm ib puag ncig Leningrad: txoj hmoo txaus ntshai ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Olga Berggolts
Video: 6 Nqi Lus Qhia Kev Ua neej ( leej twg mloog lub neej yuav zoo tuaj) - YouTube 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
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Olga Berggolts: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Olga Berggolts: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!

Lub Tsib Hlis 16 yog cim 108 xyoo txij li yug los ntawm lub npe nrov Soviet kws sau paj lug Olga Berggolts … Nws tau raug hu ua "Madonna nyob ib puag ncig" thiab "muse ntawm Leningrad ib puag ncig", txij li thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob nws ua haujlwm hauv Tsev Xov Tooj Cua, thiab nws lub suab nyob hauv ntau qhov kev cia siab thiab ntseeg hauv txoj kev cawm seej. Nws yog nws uas yog tus tswv cov kab kos rau ntawm granite ntawm Piskarevsky memorial: "Tsis muaj leej twg raug hnov qab, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi raug hnov qab." Tus kws sau paj huam muaj txoj hauv kev kom muaj sia nyob ntawm kev tuag ntawm cov neeg hlub, kev nruj kev tsiv, thaiv, ua tsov rog thiab tuag nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev thaj yeeb, nyob hauv kev kho siab thiab tsis nco qab.

Olga Berggolts thiab nws niam nws txiv
Olga Berggolts thiab nws niam nws txiv

Olga yug hauv 1910 hauv St. Petersburg hauv tsev neeg kws phais neeg. Nws pib sau paj huam thaum yau, thiab txij hnub nyoog 15 xyoos nws tau tshaj tawm zoo. Thaum Korney Chukovsky xub hnov nws cov paj huam, nws hais tias: "Yog lawm, tus ntxhais zoo li cas! Cov phooj ywg, qhov no thaum kawg yuav dhau los ua kws sau paj huam tiag."

Boris Kornilov thiab Olga Berggolts
Boris Kornilov thiab Olga Berggolts

Hauv kev koom nrog kev sau ntawv ntawm cov hluas ua haujlwm "Smena" Olga ntsib tus kws sau paj huam hluas Boris Kornilov thiab tau sib yuav nws, thiab tsis ntev lawv muaj tus ntxhais, Irina. Tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm kws qhia ntawv ntawm Philology ntawm Leningrad University, Olga ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sau xov xwm rau ntawv xov xwm "Soviet Step" hauv Kazakhstan, qhov uas nws raug xa mus ua haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws txoj kev sib yuav rau Kornilov tau tawg. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Berggolts, lwm tus txiv neej tshwm sim - phooj ywg kawm Nikolai Molchanov. Lawv sib yuav hauv xyoo 1932 thiab muaj ib tug ntxhais, Maya.

Olga Berggolts (thib peb ntawm sab laug hauv kab thib ob) nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Philology
Olga Berggolts (thib peb ntawm sab laug hauv kab thib ob) nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Philology
Nikolay Molchanov thiab Olga Berggolts
Nikolay Molchanov thiab Olga Berggolts

Thiab tom qab ntawd txoj hmoo tau poob rau tsev neeg, uas txij thaum ntawd los zoo li tau caum Olga Berggolts. Xyoo 1934, nws tus ntxhais Maya tuag, thiab 2 xyoos tom qab, Irina. Xyoo 1937 Boris Kornilov tau tshaj tawm tias yog yeeb ncuab ntawm cov neeg ntawm qhov laj thawj tsis txaus ntseeg, thiab Olga, raws li nws tus poj niam qub "vim tau ntsib nrog tus yeeb ncuab ntawm cov neeg", raug ntiab tawm los ntawm Cov Neeg Sau Ntawv Koom Tes thiab raug tshem tawm ntawm ntawv xov xwm. Tsis ntev Boris Kornilov raug tua, tsuas yog xyoo 1957 nws tau lees tias nws kis tau raug dag. Lydia Chukovskaya sau hais tias "teeb meem ua raws nws pob taws."

Tus kws sau paj huam uas tau ntsib ntau yam kev nyuaj siab
Tus kws sau paj huam uas tau ntsib ntau yam kev nyuaj siab
Muse ntawm besieged Leningrad
Muse ntawm besieged Leningrad

Xyoo 1938, Olga Berggolts tau raug ntes ntawm qhov tsis lees paub tias yog "tus tswv cuab ntawm Trotskyist-Zinovievist lub koom haum thiab pawg neeg phem." Hauv tsev loj cuj, nws poob lwm tus menyuam - nws raug ntaus tas li, xav kom lees txim rau nws kev koom nrog hauv kev ua phem. Tom qab ntawd, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua niam. Tsuas yog thaum Lub Xya Hli 1939 nws tau tso tawm rau qhov tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub cev.

Tsis raug ntes Poetess
Tsis raug ntes Poetess

Lub hlis tom qab, Olga sau: “Kuv tseem tsis tau rov qab los ntawm qhov ntawd. Kuv nyob ib leeg nyob hauv tsev, kuv hais nrov nrov nrog tus kws tshawb nrhiav, nrog rau cov haujlwm, nrog tib neeg - hais txog hauv tsev loj cuj, txog qhov txaj muag, tsim "kuv rooj plaub." Txhua yam teb rau hauv tsev lojcuj - paj huam, xwm txheej, sib tham nrog tib neeg. Nws sawv nruab nrab ntawm kuv thiab lub neej … Lawv tshem tawm tus ntsuj plig, khawb rau hauv nws nrog cov ntiv tes tsw ntxhiab, nto qaub ncaug rau nws, quav dev, tom qab ntawd muab nws rov qab thiab hais tias: "Nyob." Nws cov kab tau dhau los ua tus yaj saub: Thiab txoj hauv kev ntawm ib tiam Ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim npaum li cas - Saib kom zoo: Muaj ntoo khaub lig tom qab. Muaj lub tsev teev ntuj nyob ib puag ncig.

Muse ntawm besieged Leningrad
Muse ntawm besieged Leningrad
Olga Berggolts: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
Olga Berggolts: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!

Xyoo 1941, Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj pib, thiab thaum pib xyoo 1942 nws tus txiv tuag. Olga tseem nyob puag ncig Leningrad thiab ua haujlwm hauv xov tooj cua, dhau los ua lub suab ntawm lub nroog uas raug kaw. Nws yog thaum ntawd nws cov txuj ci poetic tau tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv lub zog tag nrho. Nws muab kev cia siab, txhawb nqa thiab cawm ntau tus neeg. Nws tau hu ua tus kws sau paj huam, ua tus neeg muaj zog thiab ua siab loj ntawm cov neeg Leningrad, "Madonna uas nyob ib puag ncig", "muse ntawm Leningrad ib puag ncig." Nws yog nws uas tau los ua tus sau kab ntawm "ib puas thiab nees nkaum-tsib grams ntawm kev thaiv, nrog hluav taws thiab ntshav ib nrab."

Cov kws sau paj huam tsis zoo: Anna Akhmatova thiab Olga Berggolts, 1947
Cov kws sau paj huam tsis zoo: Anna Akhmatova thiab Olga Berggolts, 1947
Tus kws sau paj huam uas tau ntsib ntau yam kev nyuaj siab
Tus kws sau paj huam uas tau ntsib ntau yam kev nyuaj siab

Tab sis tom qab ua tsov rog, tus kws sau paj huam rov pom nws tus kheej hauv kev txaj muag: nws phau ntawv tau thim tawm ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv vim tias nws tau sib tham nrog Anna Akhmatova, tsis pom zoo rau cov tub ceev xwm, thiab vim "tus kws sau xav tsis thoob nrog cov lus nug ntawm kev nruj kev tsiv twb tau daws los ntawm tog neeg." Olga xav tias tawg thiab tawg, xyoo 1952 nws txawm tias tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob hlwb vim kev quav cawv uas tau tshwm sim ua ntej tsov rog.

Muse ntawm besieged Leningrad
Muse ntawm besieged Leningrad
Lub hauv paus-nyem tau teeb tsa ntawm qhov nkag mus rau Lub Tsev Xov Tooj Cua
Lub hauv paus-nyem tau teeb tsa ntawm qhov nkag mus rau Lub Tsev Xov Tooj Cua

Nws tau tag sim neej thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 13, 1975, txhua tus tau tso tseg thiab hnov qab. Tsuas yog xyoo 2010 nws cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg tau tshaj tawm, uas nws sau ncaj ncees txog nws lub xyoo nyuaj tshaj plaws - 1939-1949. Lub monument ntawm nws lub qhov ntxa tsuas yog tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 2005. Thiab 10 xyoo tom qab, muse ntawm lub nroog ib puag ncig Olga Berggolts tau tsa ib lub monument hauv St. Petersburg.

Memorial plaque ntawm txoj kev. Rubinstein, 7, uas tus kws sau paj huam nyob
Memorial plaque ntawm txoj kev. Rubinstein, 7, uas tus kws sau paj huam nyob
Monument rau tus kws sau paj huam Olga Berggolts hauv St. Petersburg
Monument rau tus kws sau paj huam Olga Berggolts hauv St. Petersburg

Thiab niaj hnub no nws cov paj huam tsis plam qhov tseeb. "Teb": paj huam los ntawm Olga Berggolts, txhawb kev cia siab

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