Cov neeg Italians nrog cov hniav qab thiab cov neeg Asmeskas ua tau zoo: Yuav ua li cas cov khoom qab zib nrov tau yug los

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Cov khoom qab zib uas yooj yim tshaj plaws rau tib neeg paub yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Peb tseem noj lawv nrog kev zoo siab. Tab sis ib tus neeg tsis tau siv los ua kev txaus siab nrog cov khoom me me, thiab dhau sijhawm nws tau tsim ntau yam khoom qab zib, txhua qhov qab zib thiab xav paub ntau dua li lwm yam.

Qab zib chocolate

Thaum xub thawj, ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Amelikas teb chaws sov, chocolate yog haus thiab tsuas yog rau cov txiv neej tiag - nws tau npaj nrog ntxiv cov kua txob thiab haus txias thiab me ntsis fermented. Daim ntawv qhia rau chocolate tau coj tuaj rau Tebchaws Europe nrog rau cov taum cocoa Cortez.

Sijhawm dhau los, cov ntseeg Catholic thiab cov txiv plig tau pib sim nrog haus cawv, sim ua kom nws saj ntau. Ua tsaug rau lawv, los ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum xya, chocolate tau kub thiab qab zib. Lub sijhawm ntawd kas fes tseem tsis tau paub rau cov neeg European, tshuaj yej tseem kim tshaj li cocoa, yog li chocolate tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam haus tshaj plaws.

Nws tsis zoo ib yam li tam sim no. Thaum ua noj, nws tau nplawm, thiab nws tsis yog ua los ntawm hmoov, tab sis los ntawm cov taum tag nrho, thiab vim yog cov cocoa butter, haus tau rog heev. Cov roj zaj duab xis raug tshem tawm nrog rab diav.

Thiab cov qhob noom xim kasfes nyuaj tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua puas xyoo los ntawm Dutch kws tshuaj Konrad van Guten. Txog kev pib, nws kawm paub cais cov roj los ntawm cov taum zom. Cov hmoov ua tau ntau dua hauv cov dej. Yog tias cocoa butter tau ntxiv rau cov dej qab zib ua kom sov dua, cov chocolate yuav tawv. Cov neeg Askiv tuaj nrog lub tswv yim ua cov qhob noom xim kasfes tawv, thiab Swiss - ntxiv cov hmoov mis rau lawv.

Chocolate qe

Surprise Chocolate Egg tau xub xeeb xeeb li delicacy ntawm Easter … Ntawd yog, nws piav txog lub qe pleev xim tiag. Yog li ntawd, lub thawv sab hauv yog xim daj - qhov no yog lub qe, thiab txheej txheej ntawm dawb chocolate yog cov protein.

Tab sis ua ntej, qhob noom xim kasfes qe tau yooj yim dua, tsis muaj ntim thiab tsis muaj txheej dawb. Tab sis qhov kev xav tsis thoob tau nqis peev hauv lawv twb nyob rau xyoo pua puas xyoo lawm. Qe yam tsis muaj kev xav tau txawm tias ua ntej, sau lub plhaub tiag tiag zoo li pwm nrog chocolate. Qhov khoom qab zib no tau nrov nyob hauv Fab Kis lub tsev hais plaub.

Praline

Praline tau tsim los ntawm kws ua zaub mov ntawm Duke of Plessis-Praline Clement Jalusot nyob rau xyoo pua kaum yim. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, duke tau nug kom ua rau nws cov qhua tsis txaus ntseeg nrog qee yam khoom qab zib tshwj xeeb, thiab Jalusot tau sim ua qhov txawv txav los ua ke ob qho khoom qab zib kim - almonds thiab qab zib. Nws kib lawv ua ke thiab tau txais caramelized ceev. Cov tais tau txaus siab rau Duke thiab nws cov qhua.

Thaum pib, pralines tau noj los ntawm lawv tus kheej, zoo li peb kozinaki. Qhov tseeb, feem ntau cov neeg txawv teb chaws uas saj kozinaki paub tseeb tias lawv tau noj nws. Thaum praline mus txog Tebchaws Meskas, daim ntawv qhia tau hloov pauv kom haum rau cov khoom lag luam hauv zos. Yog li pecans dhau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm Asmeskas pralines, thiab caramel thaum kawg tau hloov los ntawm cov nplaum tuab.

Thiab nyob rau xyoo pua puas xyoo, cov neeg ua khoom qab zib tuaj nrog kev siv cov txiv ntoo txhoov thiab qab zib lossis caramel sau rau hauv cov khoom qab zib. Cov khoom qab zib nrog tsuas yog qhov txhaws tseem yog qhov nrov nyob hauv Europe uas hauv qee yam lus "praline" txhais tau tias yog qab zib puv. Txawm hais tias confectioners thiab khoom noj khoom haus nyiam, ntawm chav kawm, nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas tiag praline yuav tsum. Ntxiv rau cov khoom qab zib, pralines tau ntxiv rau mis nyuj khov thiab khoom qab zib. Feem ntau cov qhob noom xim kasfes tau ntxiv rau pralines hauv qhov xwm txheej no.

Khoom qab zib "Pavlova"

Nws tsis paub meej leej twg thiab thaum twg tsim los ua ke txiv pos nphuab nrog qab zib, tab sis nws tau paub thaum khoom qab zib muaj npe tom qab tus neeg Lavxias ballerina Anna Pavlova tau tsim los ntawm nws lub hauv paus. Qhov no tau tshwm sim hauv nees nkaum xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, thaum lub hnub qub ua las voos ua yeeb yam txawv teb chaws. Muaj tseeb, Australia thiab New Zealand tab tom sib cav txog qhov uas nws tus kws ua zaub mov tau tshoov siab los ntawm Pavlova kev seev cev uas nws tuaj nrog khoom qab zib hauv nws lub meej mom.

Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom qab zib, uas yog qee yam zoo li ncuav mog qab zib nrog ntau nplawm nplawm thiab txiv pos nphuab, yog qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm hmoov. Nws yog ua raws cov meringue, uas yog dawb thiab zoo li lub ballerina's tutu. Ntxiv nrog rau txiv pos nphuab, lub ncuav yog feem ntau dai kom zoo nrog raspberries thiab nplooj mint. Ib ntawm cov lus dab neeg nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom qab zib hais tias Pavlova npau suav tiag tiag ntawm kev noj tag nrho cov ncuav mog qab zib nyob rau ib hnub, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem them taus hmoov - nws yuav tsum ua kom nws tus kheej zoo. Yog li tus kws ua zaub mov, Australian lossis New Zealand, tuaj nrog "ncuav mog qab zib" uas tsis muaj ib gram ntawm hmoov.

Merengi (meringue) daim ntawv qhia

Thawj thawj lo lus "meringue", ua ke nrog daim ntawv qhia paub, pom nyob hauv phau ntawv noj mov Fabkis xyoo 1692. Los ntawm txoj kev, Fab Kis tseem siv lo lus no, vim tias lwm lub npe, "meringue", txhais ua lus "hnia". Fab Kis suav tias yog lub npe qias neeg, tab sis cov neeg Lavxias pom nws muaj kev hlub ntau dua.

Macaroons

Qhov khoom qab zib no sib xyaw ua ke lub teeb ntawm meringue nrog almond flavors ntawm lwm cov khoom qab zib zoo li marzipan lossis praline. Nws zoo li lub ncuav qab zib thiab ncuav qab zib nyob rau tib lub sijhawm: ob qho qhuav, tsis hnyav ib nrab ntawm cov hmoov nplej almond, qe dawb thiab qab zib ua ke nrog txheej txheej qab zib lossis jam.

Hauv Tebchaws Europe, macarons muag los ntawm Fabkis, thiab hauv Fabkis nws tus kheej, raws li ib qho version, lawv tuaj txog nrog poj huab tais Catherine de Medici, uas nyiam khoom qab zib, los ntawm Ltalis. Txij li macaroons zoo ib yam li marzipans, lwm qhov Italian delicacy ua los ntawm hmoov nplej thiab qab zib, nws tsis nyuaj ntseeg.

Mis nyuj khov

Lwm qhov khoom qab zib uas tuaj rau Fabkis nrog Catherine de Medici. Tab sis nws muaj txoj hauv kev ntev mus rau Ltalis. Thaum ntxov li nees nkaum ib puas xyoo BC, cov noob pomegranate thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib xyaw nrog dej khov twb tau ua haujlwm nyob hauv Suav teb. Lawv nyiam txias ntau yam dej qab zib thiab khoom qab zib nrog dej khov hauv Ancient Persia, Ancient Rome, hauv Is Nrias teb thaum lub sijhawm Mughal dynasty.

Nws ntseeg tias daim ntawv qhia mis nyuj khov tau coj tuaj rau Ltalis los ntawm Tuam Tshoj los ntawm cov neeg taug kev Marco Polo. Thiab thawj daim ntawv qhia mis nyuj khov luam tawm hauv phau ntawv tau muab tso ua lus Askiv ua noj ua haus xyoo 1718. Hauv tebchaws Russia, cov dej khov raws li qab zib, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab qhob noom xim kasfes tau pib ua thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum yim. Cov tais diav yog, tau kawg, kim heev.

Qab zib jelly

Cov nqaij thiab ntses jelly (uas yog nqaij jellied) tau paub rau cov neeg Europe rov qab rau hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog. Txhawm rau kom tau nws, cov khoom noj uas muaj cov ntsiab lus collagen siab, piv txwv li, ceg qaib, pob ntseg pob ntseg, lossis cov nqaij ntshiv ua luam dej, tau zom zaws ntev. Tab sis txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom qab zib, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum xub tsim ib daim ntawv ntawm gelatin, uas yuav tsum tau diluted nrog dej kub yooj yim thiab sai. Nws tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puas xyoo.

Ib tus neeg Amelikas lub npe Pearl Waite saib cov gelatin thiab xav tias tej zaum yog tias koj ntxiv xim thiab qab zib rau nws, koj tau txais cov khoom qab zib tshiab uas ntxim nyiam. Cov khoom kawg yog ci ntshav thiab tib neeg tsis ntshai sim nws. Waite yuav tsum tau muag daim ntawv patent rau thawj tus uas tsis mloog - nws tus neeg nyob ze hu ua Woodward.

Thaum xub thawj, Woodward tseem tsis tuaj yeem thawb cov khoom tshiab coj txawv txawv mus rau tom khw. Ntawm kev xav, nws tau tshaj tawm qhov ntxim nyiam uas muaj xim zoo nkauj hauv cov iav zoo nkauj tau muab rau ntawm lub tais nyiaj rau ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo. Los ntawm "coj txawv txawv" cov khoom qab zib tam sim hloov mus rau "txawv txawv", thiab qhov no, hauv txoj kev, yog qhov teeb meem sib txawv kiag li. Ib qho ntxiv, Waite ua kom ntseeg tau tias txhua tus niam tsev tuaj yeem yooj yim paub thiab siv daim ntawv qhia jelly raws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Hauv khw niaj hnub-yuav jelly, cov nroj tsuag sib piv ntawm algae, agar-agar, feem ntau siv tsis siv tsiaj gelatin. Tseeb, qhov koob hmoov ntawm cov khoom qab zib nws tus kheej tau poob qis dua li ib nrab xyoo dhau los. Rau ntau tus, nws zoo li "txawv txawv". Tau kawg, cov menyuam tseem hlub nws, tab sis thaum kawg niam txiv xaiv.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws hom khoom qab zib yog ua tau niaj hnub no. Piv txwv li, menyuam yaus ib nrab lab lab ncuav mog qab zib nrog pob zeb diamond thiab pob zeb diamond.