Kev pam tuag Herring, Sib ntaus ntawm Qe thiab Chocolate Cov Duab: Yuav Ua Li Cas Cov Neeg Hauv Ntiaj Teb Ua Kev Zoo Siab Easter

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Easter yog ib hnub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev teev ntuj. Nws tau ua kev zoo siab los ntawm cov ntseeg ntawm yuav luag txhua pawg ntseeg, ntxiv rau, cov neeg Yudais thiab Karaimists. Qhov tseeb, cov ntseeg tau txais hnub so los ntawm cov neeg Yudais, tab sis muab nws lub ntsiab lus tshiab cuam tshuam nrog Khetos. Ntxiv rau lub ntsiab lus, cov hnub thiab txoj kev ua kev zoo siab sib txawv.

Yog li, cov neeg Yudais pib ua kev zoo siab Pesach (qhov no yog li cas lo lus "Passover" hauv Hebrew suab) nyob rau hnub 14 ntawm lub hlis Nisan raws li lawv daim ntawv qhia hnub, thiab kev ua koob tsheej kav ib lub lim tiam hauv tebchaws Ixayees thiab 8 hnub sab nraud ntawm nws. Catholics, qee tus ntseeg Orthodox thiab lwm cov ntseeg ua kev zoo siab Easter ua ntej ntxov dua li cov ntseeg Orthodox hauv tebchaws Russia thiab me ntsis tom qab Pesach; Easter nws tus kheej yuav tsum poob rau hnub Sunday. Qhov tseeb yog lub Koom Txoos Orthodox Lavxias siv daim ntawv qhia hnub tshwj xeeb, "hloov pauv" txheeb ze rau ib qho uas peb tam sim no siv hauv lub neej tsis muaj kev ntseeg (thiab uas yog ua ke nrog daim ntawv qhia hnub ntawm lwm cov ntseeg) txog li ob lub lis piam.

Kom paub qhov txawv lub ntsiab lus ntawm hnub so, Cov Neeg Yudais Passover tseem hu ua Phau Qub Easter, thiab cov ntseeg hnub so hu ua Phau Tshiab. Tsis yog txhua tus neeg ntawm Tebchaws Europe muaj lub npe Yudais rau hnub so. Hauv German thiab Askiv, nws hais txog kev ua kev zoo siab rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav hauv kev hwm ntawm vajtswv poj niam yug menyuam Ishtar. Muaj tseeb tiag, tus vajtswv poj niam yog Akkadian - qhov no nyob deb heev ntawm Tebchaws Askiv thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees.

Cov neeg Yudais thiab Karaites ua kev zoo siab rau kev khiav tawm ntawm cov neeg Yudais thaum ub los ntawm kev ua qhev hauv tebchaws Iziv. Cov ntseeg - kev sawv rov los ntawm Yexus, uas cov neeg Loos muab ntsia rau saum ntoo Khaublig thaum cov neeg Yudais ua Kevcai Hla Dhau. Nws hloov tawm tias nws tau sawv rov los tom qab Hla Hla, yog li ntawd Christian Easter tau ua kev zoo siab tom qab.

Foom koob hmoov rau hluav taws

Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj rau hnub so rau Orthodox tau txiav txim siab tshem tawm Cov Hluav Taws Dawb Huv los ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Sawv Rov Los hauv Yeluxalees. Nws tshwm sim rau hnub Saturday ua ntej Easter raws li daim ntawv teev hnub Julian - tib yam uas lub Koom Txoos Lavxias Orthodox tau suav hnub tim ntawm hnub so. Nws ntseeg tias Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv nws tus kheej nqis los saum ntuj ceeb tsheej nyob rau hnub ua ntej ntawm Easter.

Thaum lub sijhawm nqis los ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv hauv Lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Sawv Rov Los, nws tau nqa mus rau cov ntseeg los ntawm cov pov thawj ntawm Coptic (Iyiv), Syrian, Armenian thiab Greek Yeluxalees pawg ntseeg.

Lavxias Easter

Cov neeg Lavxias ib txwm npaj zaub mov tshwj xeeb rau Easter rau Easter. Ua ntej, ncuav yog ci - siab puag ncig lub khob cij ua los ntawm cov poov xab poov xab. Lub khob noom cookie nws tus kheej saj nruab nrab, thiab cov ncuav qab zib los ntawm txheej sab saum toj nrog qab zib icing. Nws yog kev coj ua kom ci lub ncuav mog qab zib ua ntej Easter Hnub Thursday thiab fij nws hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ua ntej hnub so.

Qhov thib ob, lawv npaj Easter - cov tais curd hauv cov duab ntawm lub hauv paus txiav. Cov duab tau muab nrog cov phiaj tshwj xeeb, uas tau muab txiav rau hauv daim ntawv "ХВ" ("Khetos sawv rov los!" - cov lus Easter ib txwm hais), thiab ntau yam duab - ntoo khaub lig, hmuv, cog qoob loo, paj thiab paj. Tus ntoo khaub lig thiab hmuv nco txog kev tua Khetos, cov nplej, cov noob thiab cov paj ntoo yog lub cim qhia txog lub neej uas tsis muaj leej twg txwv tau. Easter yog sib xyaw los ntawm tsev cheese, qee cov mis nyuj muaj roj (butter, qab zib, qaub cream) thiab raisins. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem ntxiv txhua yam khoom zoo, xws li txiv ntoo lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib.

Thib peb, lub qe pleev xim. Kev lig kev cai, lawv tau pleev xim rau xim sib txawv ntawm cov xim liab, raws li cov lus dab neeg ntawm yuav ua li cas Mary Magdalene coj cov lus mus rau tus huab tais Roman txog kev sawv rov los ntawm Khetos. Nws hais tias tib neeg tsis tuaj yeem sawv rov los, ib yam li lub qe tsis tuaj yeem liab. Mary taw tes rau lub qe uas nws tuav hauv nws txhais tes, thiab tus huab tais pom tias tam sim no nws muaj lub plhaub liab. Lawv zuaj cov qe nrog cov hauv paus dos thiab tom qab ntawd, tuav lawv hauv lawv txhais tes, khob nrog lub qe - leej twg muaj zog yeej. Muaj lwm qhov kev ua si nrog qe - lawv tau "dov" thiab muab zais rau hauv cov xuab zeb. Hauv qhov xwm txheej tom kawg, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau nrhiav thawj zaug uas cov noob qes tau muab zais.

Cov qe pleev xim tuaj yeem raug hu ua cov qe dyed, Easter qe, lossis cov qe, nyob ntawm seb lawv tau pleev xim li cas. Krashenki - ib qho xim rau tag nrho cov qe, Easter qe - nrog cov duab ntawm Easter cov ntsiab lus, qhov me me - qhov me me.

Nws tsuas yog ua ntej Easter hauv Lavxias lub tsev uas lawv tau siv los ua qhov loj tshaj plaws, ua ntej ntxuav Easter, licking lub tsev los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab thiab txhuam iav hauv lub qhov rais kom zoo li pom tau tias lawv tsis nyob ntawd.

Ib yam li ntawd, Easter tau ua kev zoo siab los ntawm Ukrainians thiab Belarusians. Tab sis cov neeg Ukrainian, zoo li Lavxias Cossacks, tsis muaj tsev cheese Easter rau ntawm lub rooj, thiab los ntawm lo lus nws tus kheej lossis qee yam zoo sib xws ("paska") lawv txhais tau tias yog ncuav mog qab zib Easter.

Gypsy Easter

Easter yog hwm los ntawm Orthodox Gypsies ua hnub so tseem ceeb thiab hu ua "Patradi". Hauv cov chaw pw hav zoov, thaum lub caij so, nws yog kev hla dhau txhua tus neeg nyob ze, thiab yog li ntawd lawv ci ncuav qab zib loj kom txhua tus tuaj yeem kho tau. Raws li daim ntawv, ib lub thoob feem ntau siv. Qe kuj tau pleev xim rau hauv kaum ob. Qee cov neeg gypsies dai tsev nrog cov kab liab rau Easter.

Easter ntawm British

Hnub no, raws li kev coj noj coj ua, txhua tus neeg sim hnav khaub ncaws tshiab nkaus xwb. Rau tshuaj yej, tshwj xeeb buns nrog cov duab ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig tau ci; sab hauv lawv tau ntim nrog raisins thiab currants. Ntau cov txuj lom kuj tau muab tso rau hauv lub khob noom cookie, kom lawv hlawv hauv qhov ncauj. Qhov no yuav tsum nco koj txog kev txom nyem ntawm Khetos. Cov ncuav Easter tseem ci, tab sis lawv tsis ua lub luag haujlwm zoo li hnub so zoo li hauv Lavxias. Ib lub pob tawb uas muaj paj lilies dawb tso rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub rooj.

Kev seev cev hauv cov khaub ncaws la la Robin Hood, uas tau ua las voos ntawm no thiab nyob ntawd los ntawm cov neeg nyiam kev lom zem, yog kev coj ua lus Askiv dawb huv.

Cov neeg Askiv qhia rau menyuam yaus tias tshwj xeeb Easter luav nqa qe qe. Thiab nws nkaum lawv ntawm cov nyom ze lub tsev. Cov menyuam yaus tua lawv txhua hnub. Tam sim no, rau qhov no, tsis txhob siv lub qe tiag tiag, lawv tuaj yeem zais cov qhob noom xim kasfes thiab, ntxiv rau, kho menyuam yaus rau chocolate luav.

Thiab lub tais Easter tseem ceeb rau cov neeg Askiv yog menyuam yaj siav hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Nws tau ci nrog zaub thiab nphoo nrog cov ntses mint lossis rosemary.

Los ntawm cov neeg Askiv, Easter kev lis kev cai tau txais los ntawm lawv yav dhau los ib puag ncig - Asmeskas, Canada, Australia.

Easter hauv Scandinavia

Yog tias rau lwm tus neeg ntseeg feem ntau xim Easter tseem ceeb yog xim liab, tom qab ntawd hauv Scandinavian lub teb chaws txhua yam tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog daj. Hloov chaw lilies hauv Finland thiab Norway, cov tsev tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog daffodils. Txog rau Easter, cov neeg Swedes noj cov zaub qhwv nrog cov qe hau thiab cov tais ci ntawm cov qos yaj ywm thiab dos. Hauv txhua lub tebchaws Scandinavian, zoo li thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe, menyuam yaj tau noj. Finns tseem ua haujlwm mämmi, qab zib ci rye porridge rau khoom qab zib.

Cov menyuam yaus Swedish hnav khaub ncaws zoo li Easter dab rau hnub so, Norwegians nyiam nyeem thiab saib cov dab neeg tshawb pom niaj hnub no, Danes sau cov lus sib dhos rau ib leeg hauv nqe lus, thiab Finns hlawv hluav taws.

Easter thiab Catholics

Yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws Catholic, cov menyuam tab tom nrhiav pleev xim qe. Feem ntau cov qe tau xim nrog kas fes - tom qab ntawd lawv dhau los ua chocolate. Nws yog lawv uas tau piav qhia los ntawm cov qe qhob noom xim kasfes uas nto moo nrog qhov xav tsis thoob hauv - yog vim li cas lub thawv yas rau cov khoom ua si tsis txaus ntseeg yog daj zoo li lub qe. Hauv ntau lub tebchaws nyob rau hnub Easter lawv muab cov paj los sib dhos lossis kho lub tsev nrog lawv.

Fab Kis, zoo li Askiv, ci menyuam yaj rau Easter, feem ntau ntxiv cov zaub xam lav ntawm dandelions tshiab thiab kib nqaij qaib. Qee tus neeg ua qhob noom xim kasfes qe lawv tus kheej, ntim lub plhaub ntawm lub qe tiag tiag nrog chocolate ua daim ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam tev lawv tawm ntawm cov khoom noj kom qhwv lawv hauv cov ntawv ci. Feem ntau, Fab Kis noj ntau cov qhob noom xim kasfes thaum Easter, thiab tsis yog nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm qe thiab luav, tab sis kuj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qaib thiab tswb. Qee zaum cov qhob noom xim kasfes tau ntxiv rau lawv - thaum Easter poob rau lub Plaub Hlis 1st. Ntses yog ob lub cim ntawm cov ntseeg thaum ntxov thiab Lub Plaub Hlis Fools cov lus tso dag.

Hauv tebchaws Spain, cov menyuam thiab cov txheeb ze tau muab lub ncuav Easter tshwj xeeb (Mona de Pasqua) nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub nplhaib, nyob rau hauv uas lub qe qhuav tau ntim nrog ua kom zoo nkauj. Hauv cov hnub qub, Cov neeg Mev kuj tseem sib ntaus sib tua nrog qe ntawm lub hauv pliaj, thiab ntau zaus rau cov tub thiab ntxhais xws li kev cai yog lub sijhawm los sib tham thiab sib paub. Torrijas tseem tau npaj rau Easter - croutons, uas tau kib, tsau hauv cawv lossis mis nyuj thiab dipped hauv qe.

Cov tub hu ua Easter "Hmo Zoo". Hloov chaw ntawm Easter khoom qab zib, lawv ci ncuav qab zib heev - niam pog Easter. Ua ke nrog tus pog thiab lub qe, Tus Pov Thawj foom koob hmoov rau cov hnyuv ntxwm hauv tsev teev ntuj. Hloov chaw ntawm ci menyuam yaj, Cov tub noj cov ncuav qab zib thiab yaj zoo li cov qhob cij. Cov tais diav Easter kuj suav nrog cov ncuav mazurka tshwj xeeb. Thiab nyob rau hnub ua ntej ntawm Easter, cov kua zaub ntshiv-zhur ib txwm raug faus. Faus nrog nws thiab herring.

Ib txoj hauv kev thaum kawg pib tham nrog tus ntxhais rau cov txiv neej hauv zos yog txhawm rau tsoo lub lauj kaub ntawm zhura ntawm nws lub qhov rooj rau Hnub Saturday Dawb Huv. Tus ntxhais tawm mus ntxuav lub qhov rooj, thiab tom qab ntawd tus txiv neej nrog nws qhuas. Muaj tseeb, nws tsis paub meej tias qhov kev tawm tsam no tau ua tiav li cas. Nws tsis zoo li cov ntxhais nyiam ntxuav qhov nkag, uas twb tau ntxuav rau hnub so.

Hauv tebchaws Ltalis, cov tais diav Easter suav nrog colomba - ncuav qab zib zoo li tus nquab, thiab pasqualino, ncuav qab zib nrog 33 txheej, raws li cov xyoo uas Tswv Yexus nyob. Rau pluas tshais rau hnub Easter, nws yog ib txwm noj cov qe hau thiab cov hnyuv ntxwm, rau pluas su lossis noj hmo - menyuam yaj.

Passover rau cov neeg Yudais thiab Karaites

Hnub ua Kevcai Hla Dhau, txhua txoj haujlwm raug txwv, txij li nws tau ua kev zoo siab rau hnub Saturday - raws li kev cai Yudais, ib hnub txwv tsis pub ua haujlwm. Cov neeg Yudais noj cov mov ci tsis muaj hmoov nplej thaum Hla Hla - matzo ua los ntawm hmoov thiab dej ib leeg. Hmoov nplej tuaj yeem yog nplej, rye, barley, oatmeal lossis sau ntawv. Cov Karaims (Cov neeg Crimean Turkic, tshaj tawm ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm Judaism) ntxiv mis nyuj thiab zib ntab rau Easter khob noom cookie thiab ua tucks ntawm cov ncuav, uas ua rau lawv zoo li hnub ci.

Ua ntej Passover, lub tsev tau ua tib zoo ntxuav, sim tshem tawm ib qho ntawm chametz - zaub mov lossis dej qab zib, txawm tias ua qhob cij lossis cawv uas tuaj yeem zom tau. Txhawm rau qhia tias lawv tsis nyob hauv tsev, nyob rau Hnub Hla Dhau, tsis yog qe, leej txiv ntawm cov tsev neeg tau nthuav tawm saib cov khoom tawg thoob plaws lub tsev. Tsis tas li nyob rau hmo Easter, txhua tus neeg yuav tsum haus plaub khob cawv txiv hmab lossis kua txiv.

"Pob paj ntawm Lilies" yog lub qe Easter ua los ntawm Carl Faberge uas tsis tau ncaim Russia, nyob rau theem ntawm cov cim txuas rau European Easter kev coj noj coj ua thiab Lavxias.