Cov txheej txheem:

Cov ntshav ntws hauv cov leeg ntawm cov neeg Slavic thiab muaj "Slavs dawb huv"
Cov ntshav ntws hauv cov leeg ntawm cov neeg Slavic thiab muaj "Slavs dawb huv"

Video: Cov ntshav ntws hauv cov leeg ntawm cov neeg Slavic thiab muaj "Slavs dawb huv"

Video: Cov ntshav ntws hauv cov leeg ntawm cov neeg Slavic thiab muaj
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? - YouTube 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
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Cov Slavs sawv cev rau zej zog haiv neeg haiv neeg loj, tab sis lawv lub ntsej muag zoo li ib tus tib neeg cuam tshuam nrog kev koom ua ke thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm pab pawg sib txawv, ze rau lawv hauv caj ces, kev paub lus thiab kab lis kev cai. Hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, ntau dua 400 lab tus tib neeg xav txog lawv tus kheej Slavs, feem coob ntawm cov neeg nyob thoob plaws Eurasia, los ntawm Central Europe mus rau Kuril Islands. Tsis muaj ib tus neeg twg tuaj yeem raug hu ua "Slavic dawb huv", tsis muaj ib qho pov thawj tshawb fawb pom tseeb tias cov Slavs yuav tsum saib zoo li cas thiab cov cim qhia keeb kwm dab tsi uas lawv muaj. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim ntawm txhua tus neeg Slavic, thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam ntawm cov pab pawg hauv paus txawm, uas nws thaj chaw ib zaug los ntawm cov neeg Slavs, muaj kev cuam tshuam loj.

Baltic thiab Finno-Ugric keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg Lavxias

Kev hnav khaub ncaws hauv tebchaws ntawm Finno-Ugric cov neeg ntawm Mari
Kev hnav khaub ncaws hauv tebchaws ntawm Finno-Ugric cov neeg ntawm Mari

Ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm pab pawg Slavic, thaj chaw ntawm Russia niaj hnub tau nyob nrog feem ntau los ntawm Finno-Ugrians thiab Balts (nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Volga-Oka cuam tshuam). Kev tswj hwm Slavic ntawm cov av no tau pib nyob rau xyoo pua AD. thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw loj ntawm cov tib neeg thiab tau kav ntev txog rau nruab nrab Hnub Nyoog Kawg.

Cov pejxeem autochthonous ntawm sab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm Qub Lavxias thaj av tau tsim los ntawm pab pawg neeg Baltic ntawm Semigallians, Latgalians (West Dvina phiab) thiab Goliad (ntug dej ntawm nruab nrab Oka).

Kev tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm qhia pom tias Balts, uas tau nyob ntawm thaj av ntawm Russia thaum ub, yog tus nqa ntawm Corded Ware kab lis kev cai. Qhov tseeb no tau qhia los ntawm tooj liab tooj liab hauv qhov chaw ntawm Baltic faus.

Kev sib haum xeeb sib haum xeeb ntawm Balts thiab cov neeg tshiab Slavs yog vim muaj kev paub lus zoo thiab kev sib txheeb ntawm kev ntseeg kev ntseeg. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv sawv ntawm kwv yees li tib theem ntawm cov khoom siv kab lis kev cai, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob pawg neeg.

Lwm pab pawg ntawm cov neeg hauv paus txawm ntawm Russia puag thaum ub - Finno -Ugrians, uas nyob hauv Europe sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qaum teb. Cov pab pawg Finno-Ugric tsis txawv ntawm kev ua siab phem thiab yeem "sib xyaw" nrog cov Slavs, ua raws li lawv kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev lis kev cai.

Qhov tseeb, Slavs tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev hais lus hauv Lavxias ethnogenesis, tab sis kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm thiab noob neej ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Russia tau tsim los ntawm kev muaj zog ntawm haiv neeg Slavic.

Baltic substrate ntawm Slavs (nrog rau Finno-Ugric) tau txheeb xyuas hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab kws tshawb fawb caj ces.

Txoj kev kawm ntawm cov noob caj noob ces ntawm Balto-Slavic cov neeg nyob hauv kev coj ua ntawm OP Balanovsky thiab nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshuaj caj ces los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws tau lees paub tias Balts yog cov txheeb ze ze ntawm cov neeg Slavic Sab Hnub Tuaj, suav nrog cov neeg Lavxias.

Vim li cas Czechs tsis raws nraim Slavs

Teem lub rooj los ntawm kev sau qoob loo yog ib qho kev lig kev cai ntawm Celtic kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Lugnasad
Teem lub rooj los ntawm kev sau qoob loo yog ib qho kev lig kev cai ntawm Celtic kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Lugnasad

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm yav qab teb Bohemia - hauv lub nroog Tabor - Lugnasad kev ua koob tsheej yog muaj txhua xyoo, lub npe uas txhais ua "kev sib sau ntawm Luga" lossis "kab tshoob ntawm Luga". Hnub so tsis ntseeg no ua cim pib lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab rov nco txog Celtic keeb kwm ntawm Czechs niaj hnub no. Nyob rau ib lub sijhawm, Celts tau nyob yuav luag tag nrho cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe, los ntawm Dnieper mus rau Hiav Txwv Irish, thiab ntau tus neeg European tau lees paub lawv li kab lis kev cai thiab kab lis kev cai.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm Celts hauv Czech koom pheej hnub tim nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 5 txog rau thaum xaus ntawm 1st xyoo pua BC. Nws yog los ntawm cov neeg Celtic qub tshaj plaws ntawm Boyi uas lub tebchaws tau txais nws lub npe keeb kwm - Bohemia. Tus kws sau ntawv Czech thiab tus kws sau keeb kwm Ludek Fribort tau sau hauv nws cov ntawv sau tias ntau lub tebchaws Czech yog Celtic hauv qhov. Tshwj xeeb, Dej Ysera los ntawm lo lus "Isara", uas txhais los ntawm cov lus Celtic thaum ub txhais tau tias "dej yoo". Los ntawm Bohemia los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm 1st xyoo pua BC Cov pab pawg Germanic tau tsav Celts tawm thiab sib koom ua ke nrog lawv.

Lucians, Moravians, Czechs, Lutomerichi, Gbans thiab lwm pab pawg Slavic tuaj ntawm Sab Qab Teb Transcarpathia thiab nyob hauv Bohemia nyob rau xyoo 4th-7th xyoo AD Lub sijhawm ntawd, thaj chaw Czech tau nyob nrog cov neeg seem ntawm pab pawg Germanic - Lombards thiab Thuringians, uas tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Celts.

Belarusians - Slavs lossis Balts?

Cov tsos ib txwm muaj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pab pawg neeg Baltic
Cov tsos ib txwm muaj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pab pawg neeg Baltic

Lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab tsim ntawm Belarusians raws li ethnos yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab tsis meej pem, hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb uas tseem tsis muaj ib qho kev pom. Tus kws sau keeb kwm keeb kwm Soviet M. Dovnar-Zapolsky tau sib cav tias Belarusians yog "huv tshaj plaws" ntawm txhua tus Slavs, thiab lawv cov ethnogenesis tau piav feem ntau yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov pab pawg Slavic thaum ub ntawm Krivichi thiab Radimichi. Qhov kawg ntawm 19th - pib ntawm xyoo pua 20th, muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm keeb kwm, keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab kab lus tau tshwm sim uas ua rau tsis ntseeg ntawm "kev dawb huv ntawm cov ntshav Slavic" ntawm Belarusians thiab ua pov thawj tias lawv cov kab ke hauv caj ces suav nrog cov dej Baltic tseem ceeb.

Cov Balts tau nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm Belarus niaj hnub xav tias yog qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo txhiab thib 3 BC, nyob rau xyoo pua AD. tau tsim los ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm cov tebchaws no. Qhov no muaj pov thawj los ntawm ntau qhov kev xav ntawm Baltic keeb kwm - Volcha, Drut, Polota, Drysvyaty, thiab lwm yam. Cov pab pawg Slavic tau pib maj mam thiab muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb mus rau thaj chaw uas koom ua ke cov hauv paus ntawm Vistula thiab Neman, Western Dvina thiab Upper Dnieper. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tham sib tham, sib xyaw Balto-Slavic pawg tau sawv. Kev koom tes ntawm Balts hauv Belarusian ethnogenesis tau ua pov thawj los ntawm ntau yam khoom qub qub qub qub, piv txwv li, faus pob zeb nrog rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov neeg tuag, uas yog, raws li Baltic kev lig kev cai.

Yuav ua li cas Scythians thiab Sarmatians cuam tshuam rau Ukrainian ethnos

Dab tsi ntawm Scythians thaum ub xav tias zoo li
Dab tsi ntawm Scythians thaum ub xav tias zoo li

Cov neeg Ukrainian yog pab pawg sib txawv ntawm haiv neeg, kev tsim los ntawm Sarmatians, Greek, Goths, Thracians, Turks thiab lwm tus neeg uas ib zaug nyob hauv tebchaws Ukraine.

Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo txhiab thib ob BC thaj av los ntawm cov roob ntawm Carpathians thiab thaj chaw qis ntawm Danube mus rau Kuban tau nyob ntawm pab pawg Cimmerian. Cov lus hais txog cov neeg no tau sau tseg hauv cov ntawv sau los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Greek thaum ub Herodotus, Eustatius thiab Skimp, ntxiv rau Homer Odyssey. Hauv VIII xyoo pua BC. Cov Cimmerians tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov tub rog Scythians thiab tsim thawj lub xeev tsim nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Ukraine - Scythia.

Hauv xyoo pua III. BC Cov pab pawg neeg hais lus Iranian ntawm Sarmatians tau tuaj rau sab qab teb ntawm Ukraine los ntawm Volga thiab Urals, uas tau hloov pauv mus ib ntus, qee qhov sib xyaw thiab nqus tau cov Sarmatians.

Los ntawm IV Art. AD qhov kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm tib neeg pib, thiab yuav luag txhua qhov nthwv dej ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws no dhau los ntawm Ukraine. Ua ntej, Huns dhau los ntawm cov av no, tom qab ntawd Bulgarians, Avars, Ugrians (Hungarians), Pechenegs, Polovtsians thiab Mongol-Tatars tau txav mus raws txoj kab nqes. Qee tus ntawm lawv ua tiav (Pechenegs, Polovtsians), lwm tus tau nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam hauv tebchaws Ukraine.

Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm feem ntau ntseeg tias Scythians thiab Sarmatians, uas tau sib xyaw nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg neeg ntsaum - cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Slavs, tau tso tseg qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Ukrainian ethnogenesis. Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm keeb kwm hu cov neeg nqa khoom ntawm Chernyakhov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Scythians cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov qub txheej thaum ub, los ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no hauv tebchaws Ukraine.

Cov tib neeg uas tau nyob hauv tebchaws Ukraine tau ntau pua xyoo dhau los ua cov haiv neeg loj loj. Lawv hloov pauv ib leeg, koom nrog pab pawg neeg txawv teb chaws, tsim cov pab pawg sib tham thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tau pab txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm haiv neeg Ukrainian.

Tsis yog-Slavic keeb kwm ntawm Bulgarians

Bulgarian lub teb chaws khaub ncaws
Bulgarian lub teb chaws khaub ncaws

Nws yog qhov nyuaj los txiav txim qhov tseeb keeb kwm ntawm Bulgarians, txij li cov neeg no tau tsim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm peb pawg neeg: Bulgars qub, Slavs thiab Thracians. Bulgars, nyob rau hauv lem, yog nom tswv pab pawg neeg ntawm Turkic keeb kwm, tej zaum muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog pab pawg ntawm pab pawg neeg ntawm Huns. Raws li kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab sau ntawv pov thawj, hauv 681 pawg neeg nomadic ntawm Proto-Bulgarians tau kov yeej cov tub rog Byzantine hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab tau txiav txim siab nyob qis dua ntawm Danube, qhov uas Slavs twb nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Ua ke nrog cov pej xeem hauv nroog, cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Turks tsim thawj Bulgarian Kingdom. Lub hauv paus Slavic hauv zej zog haiv neeg no tau dhau los ua kom muaj zog dua li Turkic thiab pab cov neeg nomadic los tsim lawv tus kheej lub xeev nyob rau thaj tsam Europe.

Vim tib yam muaj cov neeg tsis yog Slavic uas muaj ntau lossis txawm tias muaj ntshav Slavic ntau.

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