Lawv tawm tsam rau lawv lub tebchaws: Cov neeg ua yeeb yam Soviet nto npe uas tau hla kev ua rog

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Lawv tau mus rau pem hauv ntej raws li cov tub ntxhais hluas uas muaj kev cia siab thiab npau suav. Ntau ntawm lawv los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd twb yog cov kws tshaj lij thiab tuaj yeem tau txais kev tshwj tseg, tab sis tau nqa caj npab thiab mus tiv thaiv lawv lub tebchaws. Muaj kaum tus neeg nto npe ua yeeb yam hauv peb qhov kev tshuaj xyuas, tab sis qhov tseeb muaj ntau ntxiv ntawm lawv.

Anatoly Dmitrievich Papanov

Anatoly Papanov nyob ntawm xub ntiag ntawm thawj hnub ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Nws yog tus thawj tub rog laus thiab tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog tiv thaiv dav hlau. Xyoo 1942 nws raug mob hnyav ntawm txhais ceg ze Kharkov thiab thaum nws muaj hnub nyoog 21 xyoos nws tau dhau los ua neeg xiam oob qhab ntawm pab pawg thib peb. Tom qab ntawd, Papanov nco qab tias yuav ua li cas cov tub ntxhais hluas nrhiav neeg tau ua tiav hauv ntuj txiag teb tsaus. Tom qab kev sib ntaus ob teev, ntawm 42 tus neeg, tsuas yog 13 leej xwb. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm Papanov tau mob siab rau - lub luag haujlwm ntawm General Serpilin hauv zaj duab xis hloov pauv ntawm Simonov zaj dab neeg "Lub Neej" thiab cov tuag ".

Vladimir Abramovich Etush

Vladimir Etush kawm tiav los ntawm chav kawm ntawm kev txhais lus tub rog hauv Stavropol, tab sis nyob rau pem hauv ntej nws tau xaus rau hauv cov phom loj. Nws tau tawm tsam hauv toj siab ntawm Ossetia thiab Kabarda, koom nrog kev ywj pheej ntawm Rostov-on-Don, Ukraine. Vladimir Abramovich tau txais qhov Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Lub Hnub Qub Liab thiab cov khoom plig. Xyoo 1944 nws tau raug mob hnyav thiab tom qab lub tsev kho mob raug tshem tawm.

Leonid Iovich Gaidai

Leonid Gaidai tau npaj ua tub rog xyoo 1942. Nws raug xa mus rau Mongolia, qhov uas nws tau ncig nees rau pem hauv ntej, thiab nws mob siab rau mus ua rog. Thaum cov tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm tuaj xaiv qhov kev ntxiv rau cov tub rog nquag, Gaidai teb "Kuv" rau txhua nqe lus nug ntawm tus tub ceev xwm. "Leej twg nyob hauv rab phom loj?" "Kuv", "Rau cov tub rog?" "Kuv", "Hauv Navy?" "Kuv", "Rau kev soj ntsuam?" "Kuv" - dab tsi ua rau tus thawj coj tsis txaus siab. "Tos, Gaidai," tus tub ceev xwm hais tias, "Cia kuv nyeem tag nrho cov npe." Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej no, ntau xyoo tom qab, muaj ntu ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Operation Y". Lawv xa nws mus rau Kalinin pem hauv ntej, mus rau tus neeg saib xyuas ko taw. Tus thawj coj yav tom ntej ntau dua ib zaug mus rau tus yeeb ncuab nraub qaum rau cov lus. Nws tau txais khoom plig.

Xyoo 1943, Gaidai, rov qab los ntawm lub luag haujlwm, tau tawg los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kuv. Qhov raug mob hnyav heev uas nws yuav tsum tau ua 5 txoj haujlwm kom tsis txhob txiav tawm. "Tsis muaj ib tus neeg ua yeeb yam," Gaidai hais rau tus kws phais neeg. Tau ntau xyoo nws tau haunted los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov raug mob no - lub qhov txhab qhib, pob txha dhau los ua pob, tawg ua ib pawg. Tab sis nws tiv dhau txhua yam no kom ruaj khov uas ntau ntawm nws cov npoj yaig thiab cov neeg paub tsis tau paub txog nws qhov teeb meem.

Yuri Nikulin: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Yuri Nikulin: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim? sib ntaus hauv Finnish. Thiab thawj hnub ntawm kev ua tsov rog, lub roj teeb, qhov uas nws tau ua haujlwm, raug tua ntawm Nazi lub dav hlau tsoo hla mus rau Leningrad, ntuav cov pob zeb tob hauv Gulf of Finland. Xyoo 1943 Nikulin tau plhaub-poob siab, tau xaus hauv tsev kho mob, thiab tom qab rov zoo-nyob hauv 72nd cais cov tub rog tiv thaiv dav hlau ze Kolpin.

Vladimir Pavlovich Basov

Vladimir Basov raved txog xinesmas los ntawm cov hluas. Raws li menyuam kawm ntawv, nws tau siv sijhawm ntau nyob rau hauv chav ua yeeb yam ntawm Moscow State University thiab tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm Moscow Art Theatre. Tab sis cov neeg kawm tiav tau poob rau lub Rau Hli 1941, thiab Basov tsis tos kom mus rau npe rau tub rog thiab chaw ua haujlwm rau npe nkag. Nyob rau pem hauv ntej, tus thawj coj ua yeeb yaj kiab nto moo yav tom ntej, tus kws sau ntawv thiab tus ua yeeb yam, Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yaj Kiab ntawm USSR, los ntawm kev kho qhov hluav taws kub kom raug, rhuav tshem rau lub ntsiab lus tua. Tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem hnov qab txog kev kos duab thiab teeb tsa pab pawg ntawm cov neeg nyiam ua yeeb yam, uas nyob hauv nws kev coj ua pob ntawm 150 kev hais kwv txhiaj, 130 ntawm lawv - hauv cov tuam txhab thiab roj teeb, hauv qhov ncaj qha rau ntawm ntug ntug. Rau qhov no, Basov tau txais txiaj ntsig "Kev Ua Tub Rog Zoo" thiab Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Lub Hnub Qub Liab. Vladimir Basov ua tiav kev ua tsov rog nrog tus thawj coj ntawm qib thiab muaj txhua lub sijhawm los ua haujlwm zoo tub rog. Tab sis nws tsis hloov nws txoj kev npau suav thiab xyoo 1947 nws tau nkag mus rau hauv chav tswj hwm ntawm VGIK.

Mikhail Ivanovich Pugovkin

Tsov rog pom Mikhail Pugovkin ntawm txheej Grigory Roshal zaj duab xis The Artamonovs Case. Nws suav tias yog ib xyoos rau nws tus kheej, thiab ob hnub tom qab nws tuaj yeem pab dawb rau pem hauv ntej. Nws tau txais nws thawj qhov kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws ua ntej nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov khaub ncaws - nws tau poob rau hauv kev sib tsoo thaum cov tub rog tau raug coj mus rau pem hauv ntej. Thiab tom qab ntawd ua txuj ci tseem ceeb muaj sia nyob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ze Smolensk, qhov uas nws yog tub ceev xwm ntawm cov tub rog phom.

Mikhail Pugovkin tsis ua nws mus rau Berlin vim raug mob. Nws raug mob ntawm txhais ceg. Muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev txiav tawm, tab sis cov kws kho mob tswj kom txuag tau txhais ceg. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob uas nws lub npe Pugonkina tau hloov pauv mus rau Pugovkin. Tom qab kev ua haujlwm, nws raug tso tawm, nws rov qab mus rau Moscow thiab mus ua yeeb yam.

Innokenty Mikhailovich Smoktunovsky

Innokentiy Smoktunovsky ntsib kev nyuaj. Xyoo 1943, nws tau txais kev xa mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv me me, thiab thaum lub Yim Hli nws tau raug xa mus ua tus kheej hauv 75th Infantry Division. Neeg xa xov liaison Smoktunovsky tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kursk Bulge, hla Dnieper thiab kev dim ntawm Kiev. Xyoo 1943 nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus puav pheej "Rau Kev Ua Siab Loj" rau qhov tseeb tias nws "… nyob hauv qab cov yeeb ncuab tua hluav taws hla Dnieper River, xa cov ntaub ntawv tawm tsam mus rau lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm." Tab sis Innokenty Smoktunovsky yuav tau txais qhov khoom plig tsuas yog 49 xyoos tom qab - xyoo 1992 nyob rau theem ntawm Moscow Art Theatre.

Thiab rov qab rau Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1943, nws raug ntes. Ib hlis tom qab, nws tau tswj kom dim, thiab tus poj niam Ukrainian, Vasilisa Shevchuk, tau nkaum tus tub rog Soviet. Txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej, tus ua yeeb yam tau ua tsaug rau nws thiab pab txhua yam. Hauv lub tsev ntawm nws tus cawm seej, Smoktunovsky tau ntsib nrog tus thawj coj ntawm pab pawg cais pawg ntawm Kamenets-Podolsk tsim thiab tau mus rau hauv pab pawg.

Yuri Vasilievich Katin-Yartsev

Yuri Katin-Yartsev, paub txog ntau lab rau nws lub luag haujlwm ua Giuseppe hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab txog Pinocchio, pib nws txoj haujlwm ua tub rog xyoo 1939. Nws yog tus neeg ua haujlwm kev tsheb ciav hlau: nrog cov tub rog ua haujlwm, nws rov kho txoj hauv kev uas cov tub rog thiab cov kws tshaj lij tau mus. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1944, nws tau txais Medal rau Kev Ua Tub Rog Zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd - Rau Kev Muaj Yeej Hauv Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Nws tau tshem tawm tsuas yog xyoo 1946.

Nikolay Nikolaevich Eremenko (laus)

Nikolai Eremenko hauv xyoo 1941, tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev kawm haujlwm, ua haujlwm hauv Novosibirsk ua tus tig. Thaum muaj kev tsov rog tawm, ib tug tub hluas hnub nyoog 16 xyoo tau muab nws tus kheej 2 xyoos rau hauv chav kawm rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tsis muaj tsev nyob. Tom qab kawm tiav, Nikolai Yermenko tau mus rau pem hauv ntej, raug mob thiab raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj Nazi. Nws tau sim khiav ob peb zaug, muaj txuj ci tseem muaj sia nyob thiab tawm tsam raws li ib feem ntawm pab pawg tiv thaiv hauv av.

Zinovy Efimovich Gerdt

Thaum pib ua tsov rog Zinovy Gerdt, zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam, tau muaj kev tshwj tseg. Tab sis thaum Lub Rau Hli 1941, nws tuaj yeem pab dawb rau pem hauv ntej. Ua ntej, kev sib sau tshwj xeeb ntawm Moscow Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tub Rog Tub Rog, qhov uas nws tau txais qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm sapper, thiab tom qab ntawd Kalinin thiab Voronezh. Tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv, Gerdt twb tau ua haujlwm rau kev pabcuam engineering ntawm 81st Guards Rifle Regiment ntawm 25th Phom Phom Division, uas tau tso siab nrog rau txoj haujlwm tua nyuaj tshaj plaws. Thiab nws yuav tsum tau hais tias yav tom ntej tus neeg ua yeeb yam tsis tau zaum ntawm kuv qhov kev tshem tawm, txawm hais tias, raws li tus thawj coj, nws tsis tuaj yeem mus rau thaj chaw mine, tab sis tau mus ua haujlwm nrog nws cov neeg tua rog.

Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 12, 1943, Zinovy Gerdt tau raug mob hnyav thaum tshem tawm txoj kev hla mus rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Twb tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob, nws tau ua 11 txoj haujlwm. Cov ceg tau raug cawm, tab sis nws tau dhau los ua 8 cm luv dua. Tab sis qhov no tsis tiv thaiv Zinovy Efimovich tom qab dhau los ua neeg nto npe thiab nyiam ua yeeb yam los ntawm ntau lab.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam niaj hnub no tau ua tub rog. Kev lees paub qhov no 20 daim duab tub rog ntawm cov neeg tshaj xov xwm hauv tsev.