Cov txheej txheem:
- Cov khoom muaj nqis hauv pob kws
- Cov khoom muaj nqis keeb kwm romantic
- Ib lub zos Polish me me tam sim no yuav luag yog cov lus dab neeg
Video: Dab tsi yog 800-xyoo-laus cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Svyatopolk, tsis ntev los no pom nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm thaj teb, hais rau cov kws tshawb fawb
2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06
Hauv tebchaws Poland, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm keeb kwm, lawv tau pom cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws ntawm lub hauv paus tseem ceeb. Cov nplhaib kub zoo nkauj thiab ntau txhiab nyiaj npib nyiaj nruab nrab tau nrhiav pom txoj cai nyob nruab nrab ntawm pob kws. Cov kws tshaj lij koom nrog cov khoom muaj nqis nrog Maria Dobronega, tus ntxhais ntawm Grand Duke of Kiev Svyatopolk. Cov keeb kwm nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis, uas cov kws sau keeb kwm hu ua tus nqi tshoob ntawm tus poj huab tais Lavxias, thiab kev xav ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm, txuas ntxiv hauv kev tshuaj xyuas.
Cov khoom muaj nqis hauv pob kws
Dr. Adam Kendzierski thiab nws cov npoj yaig tau khawb ib lub lauj kaub tais diav xyoo pua 12th. Lub nkoj tau ntim nrog cov nyiaj thiab kub npib thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Pom cov khoom muaj nqis nyob hauv ib lub zos Polish me me Slushkow, uas tsis nyob deb ntawm Kalisz, hauv cov pob kws. Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm mus rau qhov ntawd tom qab tham nrog tus pov thawj hauv cheeb tsam.
Ntau txhiab nyiaj npib thiab pob zeb, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, suav nrog cov kab tshoob kub, tau muab tso rau hauv hnab ntaub thiab muab tso rau hauv pob tawb. Tom qab ntawd txhua yam no tau ntim rau hauv lub nkoj hauv av. Txawm hais tias sab saum toj tsis muaj lawm, cov tais diav thiab nws cov ntsiab lus yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv tag nrho, cov kws tshaj lij suav nrog 6,500 yam khoom.
Cov nyiaj npib hu ua "ntoo khaub lig denarius" yog cov duab nrog tus ntoo khaub lig loj. Lub hauv paus thiab kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov nyiaj npib no tuaj yeem taug rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua 11th lossis thaum ntxov xyoo pua 12th, cov kws tshaj lij hais. Cov nplhaib kub tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov pob zeb muaj nqi. Qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv yog polygonal.
Cov khoom muaj nqis tau pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Qhov tseeb, tus kws tshaj lij xav paub tau nrhiav cov khoom muaj nqis sib txawv kiag li! Ntawd yog, nrhiav ntev ntev rov qab rau xyoo 1935. Nws txaus siab rau qhov chaw nyob. Txhawm rau kom paub cov ntsiab lus, Kendzerski tau ntsib nrog tus pov thawj hauv nroog, Rev. Jan Stakhoviak. Thaum thaij duab hauv thaj chaw, nws hais txog cov lus xaiv uas nws tau hnov los ntawm cov neeg tua tsiaj ua ntej ua tsov ua rog. Lawv hais rau nws los ntawm lwm cov khoom muaj nqis, uas tseem raug faus rau qee qhov ntawm no.
Tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm siv nws tus kheej nrog lub ntsuas hlau thiab siv sijhawm ob peb hnub los tshawb nrhiav cov khoom qub thaum ub raws li kev qhia ntawm tus txiv plig. Lawv tau tshuaj xyuas peb thaj av loj heev, tab sis tsis pom dab tsi. Tom qab ntawd, Stakhovyak coj pab pawg kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm mus rau pob kws ib sab ntawm txoj kev. Thiab tom qab ntawd hmoov kawg luag ntxhi rau lawv! Lub lauj kaub tsuas yog peb caug centimeters tob. Kev Pabcuam Hluav Taws Kub Dawb tuaj koom nrog saib xyuas qhov chaw.
Cov khoom muaj nqis keeb kwm romantic
Leej twg ua cov khoom muaj nqis tsis txaus ntseeg no? Cov kws tshaj lij tau tshawb pom cov cim qhia meej txog keeb kwm muaj koob muaj npe hauv cov khoom muaj nqis. Lawv tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv hais tias qhov no tuaj yeem yog tus nqi tshoob ntawm Lavxias tus ntxhais fuabtais Maria Dobronega. Cov kws tshaj lij xav tias yog ua raws qhov tseeb tias muaj cov ntawv sau hauv Cyrillic ntawm lub nplhaib: "Tus Tswv, pab koj tus tub qhe Mary."
Cyrillic txhais tau tias cov tsiaj ntawv Slavic. Leej twg yog Maria? Cov kws sau keeb kwm ntseeg tias qhov no tsis muaj lwm yam tshaj li tus ntxhais huab tais Lavxias. Lub sijhawm ntawd, tus tub huabtais Polish los ntawm Piast dynasty, Boleslav III Krivousty, muaj tus pojniam hu ua Zbislava. Nws tus viv ncaus Maria kuj tau sib yuav rau tus Nceeg Vaj - yawg Peter Vlostovich. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias ob tus ntxhais huab tais yog ntxhais ntawm Svyatopolk Izyaslavich, Grand Duke of Kiev.
Cov khoom muaj nqis xaus li cas hauv av? Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias muaj kev tsov kev rog hauv tebchaws Poland thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm hais txog yuav ua li cas tus muaj koob muaj npe Pyotr Vlostovich ntes Prince Volodar Przemysl. Vlostovich yog tus txij nkawm uas yog Maria Dobronega.
Puas yog qhov no yog ib feem ntawm Mary qhov khoom plig? Cov kws sau keeb kwm lees tias qhov kev xav no yog qhov txaus nyiam kawg, tab sis nws tseem tsis tau sim. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhov muaj ntawm cov nyiaj kub hais txog qhov xwm txheej hnyav ntawm nws tus tswv.
Ib lub zos Polish me me tam sim no yuav luag yog cov lus dab neeg
Nov yog xov xwm zoo rau lub zos Polish. Twb tau pom ib qho loj yog qhov zoo heev. Tab sis ob qho puav leej yog qee yam tshwj xeeb heev. Zaj dab neeg txaus nyiam ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis muab tag nrho cov xwm txheej muaj koob muaj npe tiag tiag. Nws kuj tseem qhia ntau ntxiv txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw no hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm yav dhau los ntawm Poland.
Txhua yam khoom pom tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas. Yog li yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis. Tej zaum, nyob ze yav tom ntej, cov kws tshaj lij yuav tuaj yeem tshem tawm txhua qhov kev ua xyem xyav tag. Kendzierski ntseeg tias qhov no yog nyob hauv txhua kis "ib qho ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws pom hauv tebchaws Poland." Qee zaum qhov kev tshawb pom loj tshaj plaws tau tos ua siab ntev nyob rau hauv ib tus neeg lub qhov ntswg. Leej twg paub dab tsi lwm yam khoom muaj nqis tau muab zais hauv av, hauv qhov zoo li tsis tsim nyog thiab qhov chaw zoo tib yam.
Yog tias koj txaus siab rau keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab cov khoom muaj nqis, nyeem hauv peb lwm tsab xov xwm, dab tsi tshwj xeeb Celtic khoom cuav, yuam kev pom hauv av, hais rau cov kws tshawb fawb.
Pom zoo:
Tsis ntev los no tau tshawb pom cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm poj huab tais Boudicca ua rau pom ntawm nplooj ntawv nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm Celtic keeb kwm
Tus poj niam zoo, tus tub rog zoo nkauj, tus poj huab tais zoo siab ntawm Celts - Boudicca, uas txiav txim siab tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub tebchaws muaj hwj chim tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm, tawm tsam Rome. Kev tawm tsam tawm tsam cov neeg Loos coj los ntawm Boadicea (raws li Roman keeb kwm keeb kwm Tacitus hu nws) yog ib lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm Askiv thaum ntxov. Tsis ntev los no, khaws nyiaj ntawm Roman npib tau yuam kev pom hauv thaj tsam ze Kukli hauv Suffolk. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov no yog cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm poj huab tais Boudicca thiab qhov kev tshawb pom no tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev
Ib tus neeg khaws cov nceb pom qhov khoom cuav uas tsis muaj nuj nqis ntawm Hnub Nyoog Bronze: Dab tsi Czech Excalibur hais rau cov kws tshawb fawb txog
Tsis ntev los no, hauv tebchaws Czech, tus txiv neej, tsis nyob deb ntawm nws lub tsev, hauv hav zoov, tau khaws cov nceb. Mam li nco dheev nws pom ib qho txawv txawv ntawm cov hlau ntab tawm hauv av. Saib kom ze dua, tus khaws cov nceb pom tau tias qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog ib daim hlau, tab sis hilt ntawm rab ntaj tiag! Raws li qhov tshwm sim, rab ntaj tsis tshua muaj neeg tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm Hnub Nyoog Bronze, hnub nyoog ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kwv yees ntawm peb txhiab peb puas xyoo, dhau los ua tus tua ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov! Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm tam sim pib khawb av ntawm qhov chaw no. Peb tswj hwm dab tsi los kawm txog cov khoom qub uas tsis muaj nuj nqis puag thaum ub
Qhov tsis paub txog ntawm lub nplhaib qub "Memento Mori", uas cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm tsis ntev los no tau tshawb pom hauv cov khoom muaj nqis hauv siab
Cov khoom muaj nqis hauv siab tau nrhiav pom tsis ntev los no hauv Wales. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom qub qub tshaj plaws uas pom nrog lub ntsuas hlau. Ntawm cov nyiaj kub thiab nyiaj npib, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg pom tau tos cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm. Nws yog lub npe hu ua Memento Mori lub nplhaib nrog pob txha taub hau sau rau ntawm nws. "Memento Mori" - txhais los ntawm Latin txhais tau tias "nco kev tuag." Dab tsi yog qhov kho kom zoo nkauj nruab nrab medieval hais rau cov kws tshawb fawb, txuas ntxiv hauv kev tshuaj xyuas
Dab tsi tau hais rau cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm cov neeg Loos puag thaum ub, pom los ntawm lub sijhawm los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv Serbia ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus dej qhuav
Pom tseeb cov nkoj ntawm nkoj Roman thaum ub tau pom hauv Serbia hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Kostolatsk cov nplaim hluav taws xob tau khawb qhov nqes hav nrog lub khawb av thiab tam sim ntawd ntog ntog saum cov ntoo ntoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov kev tshawb pom no yog lub sijhawm Roman. Cov nkoj tau raug faus hauv av, tab sis qhov tseeb - nyob hauv dab tsi siv los ua tus dej thaum ub. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov nkoj tau poob ntawm no tsawg kawg 1,300 xyoo
Dab tsi yog Viking cov khoom qub tau tshawb pom ntawm cov dej khov yaj hais rau cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm
Kev ua kom sov thoob ntiaj teb thiab kub tsis txawv txav tau ua rau cov dej khov yaj hauv ntau lub tebchaws Scandinavian. Lub caij sov lub caij ntuj sov ua rau cov dej khov nyob hauv roob Lomseggen thiab nthuav tawm lub roob uas ploj lawm ntev uas tau siv rov qab zoo li Viking Age. Nov yog txoj hauv kev txuas nrog Beverdalen thiab Ottadalen hav. Ntawm txoj kev no, ua tsaug rau cov dej khov yaj, cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm tau tshawb pom qhov khoom muaj nuj nqis uas tsis muaj nqis ntawm kev lis kev cai puag thaum ub los txog rau xyoo pua 5