Yuav ua li cas cov kws kho mob nyob nruab nrab kho tag nrho cov mob
Yuav ua li cas cov kws kho mob nyob nruab nrab kho tag nrho cov mob

Video: Yuav ua li cas cov kws kho mob nyob nruab nrab kho tag nrho cov mob

Video: Yuav ua li cas cov kws kho mob nyob nruab nrab kho tag nrho cov mob
Video: Nkauj kho siab : NIAM TXIV TSIS KOOM SIAB hu tau kho siab heev li - YouTube 2024, Tej zaum
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Hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog, Hippocratic Oath muaj feem cuam tshuam ntau dua li yav tas los
Hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog, Hippocratic Oath muaj feem cuam tshuam ntau dua li yav tas los

Thaum lub sijhawm Renaissance, Cov tshuaj European tau txais lub zog tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ntsuas siab dhau. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov tsiaj qus uas seem ntawm yav dhau los tsis tau ploj mus nyob qhov twg. Yog li, txhawm rau kho tus mob, siv tshuaj ntau heev ua los ntawm … tib neeg lub cev tau siv.

Lecture on Anatomy hauv London. John Banister, 1580
Lecture on Anatomy hauv London. John Banister, 1580

Txij li puag thaum ub los, tib neeg tau siv kab mob qog noj ntshav rau lub hom phiaj kev ua yeeb yam, ntxiv rau kho kab mob. Yog li, cov neeg kho mob Roman thaum ub qhia lawv cov neeg mob kom haus cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg tua neeg tshiab uas tau tua tuag.

Kev xyaum ua neeg noj neeg tsis tu ncua mus txog rau Nruab Nrab Hnub Nyoog, thaum cov kws kho mob pib sim nrog cov neeg tuag. Txawm hais tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, txog thaum xyoo 1890, nws tau ntseeg tias tib neeg tseem tuaj yeem kho tau txhua yam kab mob thiab tseem ncua kev tuag. Cov kws kho mob twb paub lawm tias ntau yam "cov khoom xyaw" tau hloov pauv tau yooj yim los ntawm lwm cov khoom muaj, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm lawv siv yog cov placebo.

Tus Kws Kho Mob John Tradescant Jr. tso nrog lub pob zeb npog npog
Tus Kws Kho Mob John Tradescant Jr. tso nrog lub pob zeb npog npog

Thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe hauv xyoo pua 17th, hmoov los ntawm tib neeg pob txha tawg, uas ntxhuab loj tuaj, tau nrov. Qhov no yog tus neeg sawv cev hemostatic zoo, txawm hais tias txawm nyob hauv cov xyoo ntawd, ntau tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg tias cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yooj yim tuaj yeem siv nrog tib txoj kev ua tiav.

Txhawm rau txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov plaub hau, tib neeg haus "cawv cawv", thiab cov plaub hau hmoov yog kho rau daj ntseg. Rau kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg laus cataracts, cov kws muag tshuaj tau ua hmoov los ntawm cov tib neeg tso quav, uas tus neeg mob tau nchuav rau ntawm nws lub qhov muag mob.

Portrait ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob Paracelsus. Quentin Massys, xyoo pua 16th
Portrait ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob Paracelsus. Quentin Massys, xyoo pua 16th

Tus kws kho mob Swiss ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th thiab "leej txiv ntawm toxicology" Paracelsus ntseeg tias txhua yam kab mob yuav tsum tau kho nrog qee yam zoo sib xws, piv txwv li. rau txhua qhov tshuaj lom muaj tshuaj tua kab mob. Ntau tus kws kho mob uas siv tib neeg lub cev los ua tshuaj tau coj qhov no los qhia rau kev nqis tes ua. Piv txwv, txhawm rau tiv thaiv hniav lwj, nws raug nquahu kom hnav cov hniav los ntawm lub cev tuag nyob ib puag ncig lub caj dab.

Muaj tseeb, cov laj thawj tsis ib txwm ua haujlwm. Yog li, nyob hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog, nws tau ntseeg tias cov tshuaj pleev ua los ntawm tib neeg rog thiab cinnabar kho kab mob vwm, cov dej uas cov neeg tuag tau ntxuav yog tshuaj kho qaug dab peg, thiab tshuaj lom cadaveric tshem tawm cov quav.

Charles II tau noj tshuaj raws li tib neeg pob txha taub hau. Gerrit van Honthorst, 1650
Charles II tau noj tshuaj raws li tib neeg pob txha taub hau. Gerrit van Honthorst, 1650

Txawm tias huab tais tsis tau tsis lees paub lawv tus kheej li kev kho mob no. Txog Vaj Ntxwv Charles II ntawm Askiv, kws kho mob hauv tsev hais plaub tau npaj "Royal drops". Lawv daim ntawv qhia yooj yim: tib neeg pob txha taub hau tau ua hmoov, uas tau diluted nrog cawv. Thaum tus huab tais tab tom tuag, cov kws kho mob hauv tsev hais plaub tau npau taws muab cov tshuaj no rau nws, thiab tseem muab tshuaj ntsuab tso rau.

Kev kho mob tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab Charles II tuag. Txawm li cas los xij, Royal Drops tau muag hauv London cov chaw muag tshuaj thaum lub xyoo pua puv 18 thiab tau siv los kho cov hlab ntsha puas ntsoog, los ntshav thiab mob plab. Hauv qee kis, cov kws muag tshuaj tau ntxiv cov tshuaj ntsuab txawv thiab qhob noom xim kasfes rau hauv daim ntawv qhia. Cov tshuaj tau suav hais tias yog cov tshuaj muaj zog thiab qee zaum tseem tuaj yeem ncua kev tuag.

Ancient Egyptian mummy hauv sarcophagus. Kev kos duab ntawm xyoo pua 17th
Ancient Egyptian mummy hauv sarcophagus. Kev kos duab ntawm xyoo pua 17th

Mummies Egyptian tau suav tias yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv tshuaj hauv xyoo pua 17th, tab sis qhov no yog yam khoom tsis tshua muaj thiab kim. Yog li ntawd, lub cev ntawm cov neeg ua phem tua neeg thiab cov neeg pluag raug kaw los ntawm cov kws muag tshuaj.

Cov neeg tuag kuj tau "sau" thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog. Kev tuag ua phem tau ntseeg tias muab lub cev ntxiv tshuaj muaj zog. Pom tseeb, nyob rau xyoo ntawd, kev ua tub sab nyiag neeg tuag tsis tiav. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov khoom siv raw li kim, kws kho mob txawm tias yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntawm "cuav".

Fabkis lub tsev muag tshuaj ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th
Fabkis lub tsev muag tshuaj ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th

Cov kws kho mob hauv Medieval feem ntau yuav tsum sib tham nrog tub sab tub nyiag. Qhov no yog ib ntawm cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm yav dhau los, uas niaj hnub no yog kev qias neeg tiag.

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