Dab tsi yog siav hauv thaj tsam sib txawv ntawm Russia: Posekunchiki, hiav txwv borscht thiab lwm yam tais diav ib txwm tsim nyog sim

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Thaum lawv hais tias "pej xeem cov tais diav ntawm Russia", lawv feem ntau xav txog cov pies, cov puffing samovar, ntoo phaj ntawm porridge thiab jam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov zaub mov Lavxias tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev nyiam ua zaub mov ntawm Kauslim, Kazakhs, Tatars thiab lwm tus neeg. Qee cov tais diav tsis tuaj yeem hu ua Lavxias thawj zaug, tab sis lawv tau siav thiab noj nrog kev txaus siab hauv ntau thaj tsam. Nyeem li cas cov neeg nyob hauv Siberia thiab Urals, thaj tsam Volga thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Poob ua rau lawv cov qhua zoo siab. Koj yuav kawm paub dab tsi posekunchiki, volozhi thiab gruzdyanka yog, thiab koj tseem yuav tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog cov zaub mov txawv uas nyiam ua noj.

Sab qaum teb: ntses nyoos raws li qhov qab thiab ntses kua zaub nrog mis

Nyob rau sab qaum teb Russia, ntses ib txwm yog cov zaub mov tseem ceeb. Pomors nyiam noj stroganina, uas yog, khov ntses, hlais nyias nyias thiab nphoo nrog ntsev. Ib qho ntxiv, tau kawg, nws tau kib, ci hauv qhov cub, thiab ntsev. Kuj tseem muaj cov tais diav qub, piv txwv li, ntses, tsw qab nrog tsev cheese. Cov ntses tau rhaub, muab tso rau txheej txheej ntawm cov dos finely tws, them nrog grated tsev cheese sib xyaw nrog cov paj noob hlis, thiab xa mus ci hauv qhov cub.

Pomeranian pob ntseg kuj nrov. Freshly ntes ntses tau siv rau nws. Txhawm rau cov kua kom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cua, me ntsis mis nyuj yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau nws, ntxiv rau cov dos thiab cov txuj lom, ib tee kua txiv qaub. Cov tais diav los ntawm izya lossis pike tshiab hauv mov paj yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, nrog rau kev ua koob tsheej "liab rybniki". Yog li hu ua pies nrog ntses ntawm ntau yam xim liab - salmon, chum salmon, salmon liab. Yog, muaj pies ntau, tab sis tsis txaus qhob cij. Cov nplej nyob rau sab qaum teb tsis zoo, tab sis kim. Venison tau siv los ntawm nqaij. Nws tau siav hauv ntau txoj hauv kev thiab ua haujlwm kib thiab ci. Cov tais diav nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua los ntawm cov kua qaub lingonberries, cranberries, cov pos huab, thiab cov paj tsw qab. Cov txuj lom zoo ib yam hu ua volozhi. Nws yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab noj qab nyob zoo, vim tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ntau cov vitamins. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau tawg, thiab jelly hu ua kezh tau ua los ntawm cov kua txiv. Rau saj, txuj lom thiab tshuaj ntsuab tau muab tso rau hauv nws.

Zaub qhwv thiab kua zaub yog peb cov zaub mov: yam tsawg kawg 60 hom zaub mov no nyob hauv nruab nrab Russia

Txog rau thaum xyoo pua 14th, cov tais diav kub hauv tebchaws Russia tau siav hauv qhov cub, lawv tsis tshua kib. Nqaij tau noj tsawg zaus; cov tais diav tseem ceeb ntawm nruab nrab Russia yog porridge thiab zaub kua zaub. Kuj ceeb tias, lawv tau siav ntau txoj hauv kev, thiab muaj ntau hom tsiaj suav nrog ntau dua 60. Piv txwv li, zaub kua zaub tau ua nrog porcini nceb thiab hu ua "puv", nrog cov nqaij ntawm ntau yam sib txawv - "ua ke", cov zaub ntsuab tau ua nrog nettles, quinoa thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntsuab. Cov khoom xyaw tsuas yog tsis hloov pauv - tshiab lossis sauerkraut. Lawv noj porridge yuav luag txhua hnub. Lawv tau ua los ntawm buckwheat thiab nplej groats, ntxiv rau los ntawm taum pauv. Ua ib sab phaj rau ntses thiab nqaij, tov nrog cov nceb thiab zaub.

Qee lub sij hawm porridge, ua cov mis nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib, tau siv ua khoom qab zib. Feem ntau, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo khaws los ntawm hav zoov, ci txiv apples, caij nrog zib ntab lossis qhob noom xim kasfes feem ntau siv ua qab zib. Qee lub sij hawm lawv ua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo candied los ntawm carrots lossis dib. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau rhaub lawv hauv zib ntab kom txog thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau txais kev pom zoo. Lawv tau txais cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li no rau tshuaj yej lossis ua cov tshuaj ntsuab. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov lawv haus dej txias txias kvass, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj no lawv sov nrog zib ntab thiab txuj lom sbitnem.

Siberia: dumplings thiab paj tshuaj yej

Hauv Siberia, ntses feem ntau siv los ua zaub mov tseem ceeb. Txhua yam tau nthuav ntau ntxiv ntawm no: lawv noj sturgeon, salmon, whitefish. Thiab, piv txwv li, bream thiab lub tswv yim tau mus pub npua. Txoj kev ua noj ua haus kuj txawv ntawm sab qaum teb. Qee hom ntses tau kib, piv txwv li, omul, whitefish, nelma tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo no, qee qhov tau npaj rau ci hauv qaub cream, lawv tau muab tso rau hauv porridge, qhuav hauv qhov cub.

Tseem, Siberian dumplings yeej ib txwm nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm qhov muaj koob npe. Txhawm rau ua kom tsw qab, siv ntau hom nqaij - nqaij nyuj, nqaij npuas, nqaij qaib, elk, nqaij nyuj. Lub khob noom cookie tsis txaus ntseeg, vim tshuaj yej tau siv los txhuam nws, thiab tsis yog dej xwb. Hauv Siberia, qhob cij tau nyiam heev. Txog rau xyoo pua 17th, nws tsis tau loj hlob nyob ntawd, tab sis tau coj los ntawm dhau ntawm Urals. Tshuaj yej yeej tau txais kev pab thaum kawg ntawm qhov noj hmo. Cov neeg nplua nuj tau nyiam haus tshuaj yej ua los ntawm nplooj saum toj ntawm hav txwv yeem, hu ua paj tshuaj yej. Nws yog cov dej qab zib uas muaj qab ntxiag. Cov ntau yam tsis kim tau raug hu ua cib, thiab zoo li cov vuas nias.

Far East: seaweed borscht thiab cov tais diav los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze sab hnub tuaj (pyan-se, ntses nws thiab lwm tus)

Cov zaub mov ntawm Far East tau txaus siab nrog kev nplua nuj ntawm cov nqaij nruab deg. Caviar, squid thiab roob ris, scallops thiab octopuses - cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov khoom no tau qiv los ntawm cov neeg hauv paus txawm ntawm Far East (Nivkhs, Evenks, Udege). Nws yog los ntawm lawv tias cov neeg Lavxias tau kawm kom qhuav ntses, ntsev fern rau lub caij ntuj no, kib mos lwj liab. Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm cov xeev Ukrainian tuaj rau Far East. Tuaj txog nrog lawv cov zaub mov noj ib txwm ua noj ua haus, lawv yoog sai sai rau lawv kom haum rau lub neej nyob.

Los ntawm no tuaj borscht, lub hauv paus uas yog seaweed, dumplings stuffed nrog squid, ntses salmon. Cov tebchaws nyob sib ze (peb tab tom tham txog Tuam Tshoj, Kauslim Teb, Nyij Pooj) kuj tseem cuam tshuam txog kev ua zaub mov ntawm Russia. Nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, Kauslim nws ntses, qab pies qab los ntawm Kauslim hu ua pian-se ua cov nqaij, zaub lossis khoom qab zib, nrog rau cov nqaij qaib me me Japanese skewers, tau nrov.

Possekunchiki, echpochmak, gruzdyanka los ntawm Urals

Ntau yam khoom ci ci ib txwm tau nrov nyob hauv Urals. Posekunchiks tau siav ze Yekaterinburg thiab Perm. Lub npe lom zem no tau yug los ntawm cov khob me me, thiab lo lus los ntawm "nplawm", uas yog, txiav rau hauv me me. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseeb qhov nqaij ntim yog - ua tib zoo hlais. Urals yog thiab tseem yog thaj av muaj ntau haiv neeg, muaj ntau yam kev noj haus hauv zej zog. Beshbarmak, ib lub tais ntawm Bashkirs thiab Kazakhs, tau tab tom npaj, tsuas yog rau Bashkir beshbarmak qhov txhaws tau ua los ntawm yaj, thiab rau Kazakh - los ntawm nqaij nyuj thiab qos yaj ywm. Cov Tatars tau qhia nrog cov neeg Lavxias cov ntawv qhia rau echpochmak, uas yog, ncuav qab zib qab nrog cov nqaij, dos thiab qos yaj ywm. Thiab tau kawg cov nceb. Hauv Urals, cov kua zaub feem ntau tau ua, thiab txawm hais tias cov zaub mov tau hu ntawd, tsis yog siv mis nyuj xwb, tab sis kuj muaj ntau yam nceb uas loj hlob hauv hav zoov.

Dumplings los ntawm cheeb tsam Volga thiab barbecue los ntawm sab qab teb

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg sib txawv nyob ntawm Volga: Mari thiab Tatars, Chuvash, Moksha thiab Erzya. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej nyiam ua noj ua haus, cov neeg Lavxias tau txais lawv thiab npaj cov tais diav qab. Piv txwv li, Mari hlub porridge. Tab sis rau zaub kua zaub, lawv tsis siv zaub qhwv, tab sis sorrel, nettles, thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntsuab. Tatars ci pies nrog ntau yam kev txhaws, ua pilaf thiab beshbarmak. Tab sis yog tias cov neeg Muslim tsis siv nqaij npuas, ces cov neeg Lavxias pib ua Tatar tais diav siv nqaij npuas, nqaij qaib lossis nqaij nyuj.

Cov neeg Caucasian tseem qhia lawv cov zaub mov nrog cov neeg Lavxias. Hauv Caucasus, nws yog ib txwm ua noj ntses, nqaij thiab zaub tais diav uas siv hluav taws qhib. Caucasian shashlik nto moo tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam heev, uas, piv txwv li, hauv Kuban pib ua zaub mov tsis yog los ntawm yaj xwb, tab sis kuj tseem siv nqaij nyuj, nqaij npuas, nqaij qaib. Nyob rau xyoo pua 18th, kev sib hais haum German tau pib tsim nyob hauv cheeb tsam Volga. Los ntawm qhov ntawd tuaj xws li cov tais diav xws li nqaij npuas schnitzel thiab qos yaj ywm mashed, nqaij qaib noodle kua zaub. Goose ci thiab muaj kua hnyuv ntxwm hauv tsev yog lub cim ntawm kev noj hmo zoo siab ntawm cov neeg Volga Germans. Hauv cheeb tsam Volga, lawv tau saws sai sai rau kev coj noj coj ua zoo thiab pib ua zaub mov zoo sib xws.

Cov thawj coj ntawm xeev tseem muaj lawv tus kheej nyiam noj zaub mov. A 8 qhov kev tswj hwm feem ntau muaj lawv tus kheej cov ntawv qhia rau tus tswj hwm.