Zaj dab neeg tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm "Dhia": vim li cas Levitan tab tom tawm tsam Chekhov rau kev sib tw

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Paub kws kos duab toj roob hauv pes Isaac Levitan thiab kws sau ntawv Anton Chekhov tau ntev lawv tau ua phooj ywg zoo uas tau koom siab los ntawm kev ntseeg siab thiab ntseeg kev sib raug zoo. Tab sis tom qab tshaj tawm ntawm Chekhov zaj dab neeg "Tus Hluas Nkauj Dhia" tau muaj kev txaj muag tam sim ntawd: hauv cov phab ej txhua tus tau lees paub tus kws kos duab thiab nws tus hlub, poj niam sib yuav Sophia Kuvshinnikova … Tag nrho Moscow bohemia tham txog cov phiaj xwm los ntawm lub neej tiag uas tau coj los rau pej xeem, Chekhov zaj dab neeg hu ua "lampoon", thiab Levitan tab tom tawm tsam nws tus phooj ywg mus rau kev sib tw.

Hauv xyoo 1880. ntawm Moscow bohemians, lub npe ntawm Sofia Kuvshinnikova tau paub dav - nws yog tus tswv ntawm cov kws sau paj nruag thiab kos duab, uas tau koom nrog I. Repin, A. Chekhov, M. Ermolova, V. Gilyarovsky, A. Yuzhin thiab ntau lwm yam cov kws ua yeeb yam, cov kws ua yeeb yam thiab cov kws sau ntawv. Ib zaug tus kws kos duab Isaac Levitan tau raug coj mus rau lub pej thuam (chav tsev nyob hauv qab lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev tua hluav taws). Txawm hais tias muaj hnub nyoog sib txawv ntau dua kaum xyoo, tus tswv ntawm lub salon tau pib muaj kev sib hlub nrog nws.

Chekhov tus kwv yau piav Kuvshinnikova raws li hauv qab no: "Nws tsis yog poj niam zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb, tab sis yog poj niam txaus nyiam hauv nws txuj ci. Nws hnav khaub ncaws zoo nkauj, tuaj yeem xaws chav dej zoo nkauj rau nws tus kheej los ntawm daim, thiab muaj khoom plig zoo siab ntawm kev muab kev zoo nkauj thiab kev nplij siab rau txawm tias lub tsev nyuaj tshaj plaws, uas zoo li lub tsev pheeb suab. " O. Knipper-Chekhova tau pom zoo: "Muaj ntau heev hauv Kuvshinnikova uas tuaj yeem thov thiab ntxim nyiam. Nws tsis sawv rau nws qhov kev zoo nkauj, tab sis nws yog qhov txaus nyiam - thawj, muaj peev xwm, paj huam thiab ntxim nyiam. Nws nkag siab heev vim li cas Levitan raug coj los ntawm nws."

Sofia Kuvshinnikova tau sib yuav rau tub ceev xwm kws kho mob uas tau ua siab ntev thiab kaw nws lub qhov muag mus ntev nrog nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog Levitan. Nws yog tus nyiam ua yeeb yam, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov ua piv txwv ntawm kev kawm tha xim, nws feem ntau tawm nrog nws tus kws qhia ntawv mus rau Volga rau kev kos duab. Tus hero ntawm Chekhov zaj dab neeg, tus kws kos duab Ryabovsky, tseem tau qhia rau Olga Ivanovna, tus poj niam ntawm Dr. Osip Dymov, lawv kuj tau mus rau Volga rau kev kos duab, thiab muaj kev sib hlub ntev ntev ntawm lawv. Coob tus neeg tuaj xyuas Kuvshinnikova lub salon tau lees paub lawv tus kheej hauv seem ntawm cov cim.

Chekhov ua kev zam txim raws li qhov nws ua tau: "Koj tuaj yeem xav," nws sau hauv tsab ntawv xyoo 1892, "ib tus ntawm kuv tus neeg paub, tus poj niam hnub nyoog 42 xyoos, lees paub nws tus kheej hauv tus poj niam nees nkaum xyoo ntawm kuv tus Hluas Nkauj Dhia, thiab txhua Moscow liam kuv ntawm kev ua phem. Cov pov thawj tseem ceeb yog qhov zoo sib xws sab nrauv: tus poj niam pleev xim, nws tus txiv yog kws kho mob thiab nws nyob nrog tus kws kos duab."

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo sib xws tsis yog tsuas yog sab nraud: cov ntawv sau los ntawm nws cov tsiaj ntawv tau hais tawm yuav luag tag nrho, Chekhov lub jumper siv Kuvshinnikova cov kab lus nyiam hauv nws cov lus, nws tsuas yog siv tau thiab qub, txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam tsis tseem ceeb thiab tsis zoo li nws qhov qauv. Tus kws sau ntawv tau sim luag nws: "Kuv lub jumper zoo nkauj heev, tab sis Sophia Petrovna tsis zoo nkauj thiab hluas."

Levitan npau taws heev uas nws xav tawm tsam Chekhov rau kev sib tw, tab sis nws cov neeg paub tau txwv nws los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab no. Tau ntau xyoo, lawv txoj kev sib txuas lus tau tso tseg. Levitan txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog Kuvshinnikova kuj tseem yuav tuag. Tus kws kos duab tau ua tiav zoo nrog poj niam, thiab xyoo 1894 nws tau pib muaj kev hlub tshiab, uas tseem yuav luag tas li kev txaj muag: cuam tshuam nrog kev xav rau Anna Turchaninova thiab nws tus ntxhais, Levitan sim tua tus kheej.

Tom qab xyoo 1894Levitan thiab Kuvshinnikova yeej tsis pom ib leeg, tab sis Sofya Petrovna ib txwm nco nws nrog kev sov siab thiab ua tsaug. Thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov phooj ywg tswj tau txhim kho. Tus kws sau ntawv T. Schepkina-Kupernik muaj peev xwm sib haum xeeb Chekhov thiab Levitan, uas tau teeb tsa kev sib tham rau lawv thiab ua rau lawv sib tuav tes.

Kev piav qhia ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog rab phom nyob rau xyoo pua puas xyoo. tsis yooj yim: nto moo tshaj plaws duels Russia