Vim li cas Stalin qhib lub tsev kawm ntawv ya tsis pub leej twg paub rau Luftwaffe tus kws tsav dav hlau hauv Lipetsk

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Tom qab kos npe rau Daim Ntawv Cog Lus Versailles thaum Lub Rau Hli 1919, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees poob lub sijhawm kom muaj tub rog tsis tu ncua, suav nrog txhim kho kev ya dav hlau thiab cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm tshaj lij. Hauv kev nrhiav txoj hauv kev tawm, tus thawj coj German tau tig mus rau cov tub ceev xwm ntawm Soviet Russia, tawm tswv yim los tsim cov chaw tub rog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub tebchaws rau kev cob qhia tub ceev xwm German. Qhov kev daws teeb meem tau rub tawm rau tsib xyoos, thiab thaum kawg, thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1925, qhov chaw qhia tsis pub lwm tus paub thiab kuaj chaw rau kev cob qhia cov kws tsav dav hlau txawv tebchaws tau qhib hauv lub xeev Lipetsk.

Dab tsi nyiam kev tsim lub chaw ua haujlwm dav hlau hauv Lipetsk los ntawm Soviet thiab German cov thawj coj tub rog

Cov tub ntxhais hluas, tab sis twb dhau los ua lub xeev Soviet hauv ntiaj teb, tau pom zoo koom tes nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, muaj nws tus kheej nyiam. Yog tias cov neeg German xav nrhiav lub hauv paus txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev qhia dav hlau thiab kev siv dav hlau, tom qab ntawd Bolsheviks tau npaj yuav los ua kev paub txog kev sim ua tub rog thiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov qauv dav hlau sab hnub poob tshiab. Ntxiv mus, USSR tau txais txoj cai zoo li tus tswv tsis tau them nqi, nrog rau kev pab nyiaj txiag thiab khoom txhawb nqa tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho cov txheej txheem tsim kho ntawm lub chaw dav hlau.

Cov tub rog ntawm ob lub tebchaws tau kos npe pom zoo rau kev tsim kho tsev kawm ntawv Lipetsk hauv Moscow thaum ib nrab lub Plaub Hlis 1925. Daim ntawv pom zoo raug muab rau kev qhia ntawm tus kws qhia German rau ob tus neeg German thiab Soviet cov tub ceev xwm. Tom qab kev tsim kho lub hauv paus, pab neeg German tau them tus nqi roj, kho thiab ua haujlwm ntxiv. Txog kev siv cov chaw ntawm chaw thiab lub tshav dav hlau, tsis tau them nyiaj los ntawm lawv.

Lub taub hau ntawm lub tsev kawm ya dav hlau yog German Walter Stahr, tus loj uas tau hais kom cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua ntawm German-Fab Kis ua ntej thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1.

Cov tub rog German thiab Soviet kawm dab tsi hauv Lipetsk

Thaum pib, cov kws tsav dav hlau tau koom nrog kev qhia dav hlau, tab sis dhau sijhawm, txoj haujlwm kev qhia ua haujlwm nyuaj dua: tau tshwm sim tshuab rab phom tua phom ntawm lub hom phiaj, uas tau rub los ntawm lub dav hlau nws tus kheej; pib ya dav hlau hmo ntuj thiab qhia kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv huab cua nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg tua rog.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tso hoob pob thiab chav tua phom saum huab cua tau tuav ntawm qhov chaw qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg German. Hauv ob qho tib si, cov qauv ntoo thiab ntau lub hom phiaj tau siv. Cov kev hloov pauv tshiab ntawm cov chaw pom thiab hom khoom siv tawg kuj tau raug sim ntawm no: yog li xyoo 1932, cov foob pob tawg tau raug sim, uas tau poob rau ntawm lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb - lub nkoj tawg uas nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. Tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, tswj hwm los ntawm Fabkis thiab Tebchaws Askiv, tsis muaj ib tus neeg yuav tso cai sim nrog cov mos txwv thiab cov cuab yeej dav hlau tshiab los sim.

Qhov kev xeem twg tau ua tiav ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Aviation Lipetsk

Ntxiv rau kev qhia huab cua thiab txhim kho kev coj ua ntawm cov mos txwv tshiab, lub dav hlau chaw sim cov dav hlau uas tau tsim tsis raug cai hauv Tebchaws Yelemees sawv cev ntawm Reichswehr Ministry. Txij li cov lus qhia no tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb tsib xyoos tom qab, xyoo 1930 lub tsev kawm aviation tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv chaw sim chaw.

Los ntawm 1928 txog 1931Hauv Lipetsk, yuav luag 20 hom German lub dav hlau ya dav hlau tau sim, uas ya los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees raws li kev coj ntawm lub dav hlau thauj. Twb tau nyob hauv kev cob qhia ntawm lub chaw, lawv tau hloov mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb, nruab nrog qhov pom kev, tsim nyog caj npab me me thiab foob pob racks.

Xyoo 1931, German Heinkel cov neeg sib ntaus ntawm HD-38, HD-45, HD-46 kev hloov kho tau raug kuaj ntawm qhov chaw sim; lub teeb ntau lub hom phiaj "Junkers" A 20/35, A48; ib leeg-lub rooj sib ntaus sib tua-biplanes ntawm kev sib xyaw tsim "Arado" A-64; plaub lub cav hnyav foob pob "Dornier" Do-P. Ib xyoos tom qab, Dornier Do11a ntxaib-cav nruab nrab lub foob pob thiab Heinkel HD59 seaplane nrog lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub foob pob thiab lub foob pob tawg tau nkag rau hauv Lipetsk chaw rau kev sim. Txawm hais tias qee tus qauv tseem nyob ntawm cov kev sim, ntau lub dav hlau, tau dhau qhov kev xeem dhau ntawm Soviet thaj chaw, tom qab ntawd tau ntxiv cov khoom siv ntawm German kev siv tshuab dav hlau.

Ib txhij nrog rau kev sim dav hlau, ntau yam foob pob saum huab cua, foob pob foob pob, khoom siv xov tooj cua, siv cov cuab yeej siv rau kev yees duab saum huab cua, thiab kev siv lub tshuab ntsuas tau sim.

Pawg kws tshwj xeeb hauv Soviet tau xa tshwj xeeb los ntawm Moscow mus rau Lipetsk kom paub ntxaws txog kev siv thev naus laus zis German tshiab. Yog li, xyoo 1931, pawg huab cua ntawm yim tus neeg, coj los ntawm tus thawj coj A. Thomson, tau mus xyuas lub chaw nres tsheb. Raws li kev nco qab txog qhov kawg, cov neeg German tsis ib txwm txaus siab qhia lawv qhov kev zais, nrhiav qhov laj thawj kom tsis txhob tham txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cuab yeej nyiam. Qee zaum lawv hais txog tsob ntoo daim ntawv patent, qee zaum lawv tau hais tias cov cuab yeej no twb tau txais los ntawm Russia, thiab lawv tau ua siab zoo kom paub cov duab kos thiab kab kos, tom qab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv rau nws hauv txoj hauv kev.

Muaj pes tsawg tus kws tsav dav hlau Luftwaffe tau kawm ntawm Lipetsk Aviation Center

Ntau xyoo dhau los ntawm nws lub neej, Lipetsk aviation center tau kawm thiab rov qhia 120 tus neeg. Ntawm cov no, 30 tau ntsib cov kws tsav dav hlau uas tau tawm tsam hauv Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1; 20 yog cov neeg tsav dav hlau yav dhau los. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias vim yog ua txhaum kev nyab xeeb hauv dav hlau, kwv yees li 10 tus kws tsav dav hlau German tuag hauv yim xyoo.

Ntxiv rau, rau 1927-1930. lub tsev kawm ntawv tso tawm yuav luag ib puas tus kws tsav dav hlau - cov kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb hauv lub dav hlau los kho qhov hluav taws hauv av thiab kho qhov chaw ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Txij li xyoo 1931, cov kws soj ntsuam kev sim no tau kawm ncaj qha hauv Tebchaws Yelemees.

Cov kws tshaj lij dav hlau ntawm USSR tau kawm ua ke nrog cov neeg German. Tag nrho cov neeg kawm tiav hauv tsev ntawm lub chaw tsis paub meej, tab sis raws li kev suav ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm, ob tus neeg German thiab Lavxias tus kws tsav dav hlau tau kwv yees kwv yees sib npaug. Muaj tseeb, kev ya dav hlau ntawm Soviet tus kws tsav dav hlau tau txwv rau 8, 5 teev - Cov neeg German tau cob qhia lawv raws li lub peev xwm ya ntawm cov kws tsav dav hlau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov chav kawm nrog lawv cov phooj ywg tau ua tiav raws li tus txheej txheem txheej txheem, raws li txhua tus kws tsav dav hlau German tau txais tib yam, thiab ntau ntxiv, tus naj npawb ntawm cov sijhawm teev dav hlau.

Tom qab ntawd, nag hmo cov phooj ywg tig los ua yeeb ncuab hauv ntiaj teb. Aces ntawm Luftwaffe tau tawm tsam txhua qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv cov kev tawm tsam tau nyob ntawm Volkhov pem hauv ntej. Lub sijhawm Kev ua haujlwm "Iskra": lawv tsoo li cas los ntawm kev thaiv ntawm Leningrad.