Xya tus neeg tswj hwm zoo uas tau tso lawv lub cim rau ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20, 1924, yav tom ntej Fuhrer Adolf Hitler tawm hauv nkuaj qhov uas nws tau xaus tom qab qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm "npias tso dej". Nws siv sijhawm nyob hauv tsev loj cuj los sau nws phau ntawv "Mein Kampf", uas nws tau piav qhia cov tswv yim ntawm National Socialism. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias lwm tus neeg tswj hwm zoo kuj tau sau phau ntawv.

"Mein Kampf" los ntawm Adolf Hitler tau luam tawm hauv USSR 6 zaug

Thawj ntim ntawm phau ntawv "Kuv Tawm Tsam" ("Mein Kampf"), sau los ntawm Adolf Hitler thaum nws raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj tom qab tsis ua tiav ntawm "npias tso dej", tau luam tawm thaum Lub Xya Hli 18, 1925, thib ob - txog ib xyoos tom qab. Nws tau paub tias cov ntawv hauv phau ntawv Hitler hais rau Emile Maurice. Txoj haujlwm no suav nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus kheej sau ntawm Fuhrer thiab nthuav tawm cov tswv yim ntawm National Socialism. Lub tswv yim ntawm "Cov neeg Yudais kev hem thawj" tau dhau los ua leitmotif ntawm phau ntawv. Fuhrer tau sib cav tias txawm tias Esperanto yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg Yudais kev koom tes. Thawj lub npe ntawm phau ntawv - "4, 5 xyoo ntawm kev tawm tsam kev dag, kev dag thiab kev dag" - zoo li ntev dhau rau tus tshaj tawm, thiab nws luv luv rau "Kuv tawm tsam".

Hauv USSR, Hitler's Mein Kampf tau tshaj tawm ntau zaus: xyoo 1930 hauv kev txwv txwv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tog, tom qab ntawd xyoo 1992, thiab tom qab ntawd 4 zaug ntxiv nyob rau lub sijhawm txij xyoo 1998 txog 2003. Xyoo 2002, Tsoomfwv Lavxias tau tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj tiv thaiv kev ua phem rau cov neeg phem , uas txwv tsis pub faib thiab tsim cov khoom siv phem, suav nrog Hitler phau ntawv.

Benitto Mussolini "dabbled" hauv ntawv tseeb

Tus tswj hwm tus thawj coj Benitto Mussolini, uas yog tus coj Fascist Party ntawm Ltalis xyoo 1919 thiab sim ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm, tus pab rau cov kws ntaus hlau thiab tus kws cib, pib nws cov haujlwm sau xov xwm xyoo 1908. Nws thawj tsab xov xwm muaj lub npe "Philosophy ntawm Lub Hwj Chim" thiab tau mob siab rau Nietzsche, uas Mussolini qhuas tias "tus xav tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub hlis kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19."

Mussolini muaj lub peev xwm sau xov xwm tsawg uas tso cai rau nws nyiam nyeem rau nws tus kheej. Hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas, lub neej yav tom ntej txwv tsis pub kav tebchaws Ltalis dab dab ntxwg nyoog, thiab los ntawm hauv qab nws tus cwj mem tawm los ua qhov kev vam meej tshiab hauv tus ntsuj plig ntawm Dumas txiv thiab Gaborio. "Cardinal Tus Mistress", raws li Duce cov ntawv tshiab tau hu, tau sau ua rau nws ntxim siab tias nws los ntawm cov tuam txhab ua yeeb yaj kiab txawm tias tua cov yeeb yaj kiab raws li nws cov phiaj xwm.

Ntawm lwm qhov kev sau ntawm Mussolini tau paub cov ntawv sau ntawm "cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm fascism" (1932), kev sau tus kheej "La Mia Vita" thiab memoirs, uas tau tsim los ntawm Duce xyoo 1942-1943.

Txij li xyoo 1951, Stalin sau cov haujlwm tsis tau luam tawm

Kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv sau tiav ntawm Yauxej Vissarionovich Stalin, pib los ntawm Marx Engels Lenin Institute nyob rau hauv Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm All-Union Communist Party ntawm Bolsheviks, tau cuam tshuam hauv xyoo 1946 thiab tsis tau txuas ntxiv txij xyoo 1951. Tom qab ntawd 13 tagnrho tau luam tawm. Twb tau nyob rau xyoo 2006, raws li kev hloov kho dav dav ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob ntawm Philosophy, Xibfwb R. I. Kosolapov, 14-18 tagnrho tau luam tawm.

Txhua lub ntim suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm "tus thawj coj ntawm cov tebchaws", sau los ntawm nws hauv qee lub sijhawm. Yog li, thawj ntim muaj cov haujlwm txij xyoo 1901 txog rau Plaub Hlis 1907, hauv ntu thib kaum peb - ua haujlwm thaum ntxov xyoo 1930s, mob siab rau kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam, hauv kaum tsib lub ntim ua haujlwm ntawm I. V. Stalin's "Keeb Kwm ntawm CPSU (b). Hoob kawm luv ", thiab ntu kawg muaj cov lus ceeb toom, hais lus thiab xaj xaj ntawm I. V. Stalin thaum Tsov Rog Loj Patriotic, thov rau cov neeg hauv kev sib txuas nrog kev swb thiab kev swb ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Nyij Pooj, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv nthuav.

Spanish Caudillo Franco nyiam xinesmas rau phau ntawv

Tus tswj hwm Francisco Paulino Ermenehildo Teodulo Franco Baamonde, uas yog tus kav tebchaws Spain txij xyoo 1939 txog 1975, tsis nyiam tshwj xeeb li ntawv. Nws yog ib tus neeg nyiam ua movie. Hauv El Pardo Palace hauv Madrid, uas yog Franco qhov chaw nyob, tsis muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv; nws tau hloov los ntawm chav ua yeeb yaj kiab zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, caudillo Franco tso nws lub cim rau ntawm ntawv. Xyoo 1922, nws tau sau phau ntawv "Phau Ntawv Teev Npe ntawm Ib Chav", uas qhia txog kev pabcuam hauv Spanish Txawv Tebchaws Legion, thiab xyoo 1920, nyob rau hauv lub npe tsis tseeb Jaime de Andrade, nws tau sau phau ntawv "The Breed" - ib hom dab neeg tsev neeg keeb kwm. Ib qho ntxiv, Francisco Franco, nyob rau hauv lub pseudonym Hakin Bor, tau sau ntau cov ntawv uas nws tau hais tawm tsam Freemasonry.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias tus kws kos duab tau txhawb nqa tus tswj hwm Franco thiab nws txoj kev tswj hwm. Salvador Dalileej twg muaj lub koob npe nrov raws li kev xaiv nom tswv.

Mao Zedong tau sau paj huam zoo los ntawm Tang dynasty

Mao Zedong, tus thawj tswj hwm xeev thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Tuam Tshoj nyob rau xyoo pua 20th thiab tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm Maoism, tau sau ntau yam haujlwm. Lawv nto moo tshaj plaws yog "On Practice" (1937), "Against Liberalism" (1937), "On New Democracy" (1940), "On Literature and Art", (1942) "On the correct resolution of contradictions within the tib neeg "(1957) thiab" Nqa Kev Tawm Tsam Txog Thaum Kawg "(1960). Mao cov tswv yim tau txais koob meej tsis yog hauv Suav teb nkaus xwb. Rov qab rau xyoo 1968, Cov tub ntxhais kawm Askiv thiab Fab Kis, tawm ntawm kev tawm tsam tawm tsam cov tub ceev xwm, tau hais lus nrov nrov los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Mao. Hauv USSR, txawm li cas los xij, Maoist cov tswv yim raug txwv nruj me ntsis, thiab Mao txoj haujlwm tsis tau tshaj tawm.

Ntxiv rau kev hais txog nom tswv, Mao Zedong tau sau paj huam nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm Tang Dynasty. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nws tau sau txog 20 paj huam uas nrov nyob rau Suav teb thiab txawv teb chaws niaj hnub no.

Kim Il Sung qhia rau ntiaj teb txog Juche cov tswv yim

Tus tsim ntawm lub xeev North Kauslim thiab nws de facto tus thawj coj los ntawm 1948 txog 1994, Kim Il Sung, thiab tus tsim tawm ntawm Kauslim quasi -Marxist lub xeev txoj kev xav - Juche hauv xyoo 1980s, tau sau phau ntawv Ntawm Juche hauv Peb Kev Hloov Pauv, uas tau luam tawm thawj zaug thaum xyoo 1980s. Sab qaum teb Kauslim xov xwm sau hais tias: Hauv phau ntawv no, peb Tus Thawj Coj Kim Il Sung, raws li Juche thiab Songun cov tswv yim, ua kom pom txoj hauv kev los daws txhua qhov teeb meem theoretical thiab cov tswv yim ntsib rau qhov tsis tau pom dua ua ntej thiab nyuaj Kauslim kev hloov pauv, thiab muab kev tshawb fawb hauv paus. teb rau lo lus nug ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tib neeg vam meej rau kev tsim lub zej zog tshiab”.

Cov ntawv tshiab, sau los ntawm Saddam Hussein hauv tsev kaw neeg, luam tawm los ntawm Nyij Pooj

Iraqi politician thiab statesman, Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Iraq txog 2003 Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid at-Tikriti tau sau plaub phau ntawv dab neeg.

Saddam Hussein qhia nws phau ntawv keeb kwm hauv phau ntawv "Men and the City". Nov yog zaj dab neeg ntawm ib tug tub yug yaj uas tso tseg tsis ua dab tsi kom ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj. Tom qab kev ua tsov rog xyoo 1991, phau ntawv tshiab The Impenetrable Fortress tau tshaj tawm txog qhov xwm txheej hauv cov xeev Kurdish nyob rau sab qaum teb Iraq, uas tsis nyob sab nrauv ntawm Baghdad.

Cov ntawv tshiab, Zabiba thiab Tsar, tau luam tawm xyoo 2000 tsis qhia npe. CIA ntseeg tias phau ntawv no, uas dhau los ua tus muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws hauv Iraq, tau sau los ntawm lwm tus kws sau ntawv ntawm kev thov ntawm Hussein.

Xyoo 2003, thaum twb raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj, yav tas los Thawj Tswj Hwm Iraqi Saddam Hussein tau sau phau ntawv tshiab "Mus deb, raug txim!" Phau ntawv no tau sau nyob rau hauv cov lus ntawm cov dab neeg qub thiab tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm cov tib neeg tawm tsam kev ua haujlwm. Cov ntawv tshiab tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv Nyij Pooj raws li lub npe "Devil's Dance".

Iraqi cov kws sau ntawv tseem niaj hnub ntsuas Saddam Hussein cov ntawv sau ua qhov tseem ceeb, ua haujlwm ncaj ncees nrog kev xav tob tob, thaum cov kws tshawb fawb sab hnub poob tab tom sim ua pov thawj tias tus sau phau ntawv no tau mob siab rau megalomania.