7 qhov tseeb nthuav txog cov kws sau nkauj Lavxias zoo

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Niaj hnub no, cov nkauj hauv ntiaj teb yooj yim yog qhov xav tsis tau yog tias tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau nkauj Lavxias, txawm hais tias lub tsev kawm ua yeeb yam hauv tsev tsuas yog tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 19th. Koj tuaj yeem tham tsis kawg txog txhua tus neeg nto moo. Piv txwv li, Prokofiev ua si chess ci ntsa iab, Borodin yog xibfwb qhia txog tshuaj lom neeg, thiab Rachmaninov tau hais lus tsis zoo txog nws txhais tes uas nws tus poj niam hnav nws khau. Niaj hnub no - qhov nthuav tshaj plaws los ntawm lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau nkauj Lavxias.

Tus huab tais defiantly tawm premiere ntawm Glinka lub opera

Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka tau txiav txim siab ncaj ncees uas yog tus tsim ntawm Lavxias Lavxias classical music thiab thawj tus kws sau nkauj Lavxias qub uas tau tswj kom ua tiav ntiaj teb lub koob meej.

Kev ua tiav ntawm tus kws sau nkauj tau coj los ntawm nws cov yeeb yam "Lub Neej rau Tsar" ("Ivan Susanin"). Hauv cov nkauj no, tus kws sau nkauj tau koom ua ke ua ke European ua yeeb yam thiab xyaum ua suab paj nruag nrog Lavxias hu nkauj kos duab. Thawj thawj zaug, ib tus hero hauv tebchaws tau tshwm sim uas yog tus yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus xeeb ceem hauv tebchaws.

Tab sis qhov ua ntej ntawm tus kws sau ua yeeb yam thib ob, Ruslan thiab Lyudmila, tau coj tus lej ntawm kev tu siab rau Glinka. Kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim ntawm Bolshoi Theatre hauv St. Petersburg tib hnub ua ntej ntawm Glinka thawj zaug ua yeeb yam - 9 Lub Kaum Ob Hlis. Cov tib neeg hauv zej zog tsis nyiam ua yeeb yam, cov neeg mloog tau thuam nws, thiab Huab tais Nicholas Kuv tsis tau tos txog qhov kawg ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tag nrho, tom qab plaub qhov ua yeeb yam tawm hauv chav.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig tau sau tseg tias Glinka tau sau cov yeeb yaj kiab no ntau dua li qhov xwm txheej. VP Engelhardt sau ntawv rau M. Balakirev xyoo 1894: "". Thiab txoj kev npaj ua yeeb yam, yog tias ib tus yuav ntseeg nws cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig, tau ua tiav "tsim" los ntawm Konstantin Bakhturin "". Txawm li cas los xij, ua yeeb yam hauv nws thawj lub caij tau ua 32 zaug hauv St. Petersburg thiab tus lej tib yam hauv Paris, thaum, raws li Franz Liszt, ua yeeb yam "Wilhelm Qhia" los ntawm Gioachino Rossini hauv nws thawj zaug Paris caij tsuas yog 16 zaug.

Nws paub tias Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka nyob hauv kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo. Qhov no, txawm li cas los xij, tsis tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev mus; ntxiv mus, tus kws sau tau paub thaj chaw zoo heev. Nws tau paub zoo txog rau yam lus txawv teb chaws, suav nrog Persian.

Prokofiev tau tsim ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm chess

Sergei Sergeevich Prokofiev yog tus coj, pianist thiab yog ib tus kws sau nkauj Lavxias zoo tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Nws raug suav hais tias yog tus kws tshaj lij suab paj nruag Lavxias: nws tau tsim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 5 xyoos, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoos tau sau ob zaj nkauj ua yeeb yam, thiab thaum nws muaj hnub nyoog 13 xyoos nws tau los ua tub ntxhais kawm ntawm St. Petersburg Conservatory.

Tom qab nws tawm hauv nws lub tebchaws xyoo 1918, xyoo 1936 nws rov qab mus rau USSR. Tab sis twb yog xyoo 1948 Polybureau ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Hauv Nroog ntawm All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) tau tshaj tawm txoj cai liam Prokofiev thiab lwm tus kws ntaus nkauj ntawm "kev ua raws cai", thiab lawv cov nkauj tau tshaj tawm tias "muaj teeb meem". Thawj tus poj niam ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, tus neeg Mev los ntawm kev yug, tau raug ntiab tawm mus rau cov chaw pw hav zoov, uas nws tau siv peb xyoos. Tom qab ntawd tus kws sau ntawv nyob yuav luag tsis muaj kev so hauv lub tebchaws. Nyob ntawd nws tsim cov haujlwm zoo li cov neeg ua las voos Cinderella, Romeo thiab Juliet, ua yeeb yam Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Tus Txiv Neej Tiag thiab Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb, tau sau cov nkauj concerts thiab ntaus nkauj hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab Ivan the Terrible thiab Alexander Nevsky.

Chess yog Prokofiev txoj kev mob siab rau. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog nyiam ua si rau lawv, tab sis kuj tau ntxiv qhov kev ua si no nrog nws tus kheej lub tswv yim, hais txog qhov hu ua "cuaj" chess - pawg thawj coj uas muaj thaj tsam 24x24, uas tau ua cuaj pawg ua ke ib zaug. Nws tau paub tias ib zaug Prokofiev tau ua si chess nrog tus yeej ntiaj teb kev sib tw chess E. Lasker thiab muaj peev xwm coj nws mus rau qhov kos.

Sergei Prokofiev tuag nyob rau tib hnub uas Stalin. Nws nyuaj heev rau cov txheeb ze los npaj lub ntees tuag, vim tias tag nrho Moscow tau raug thaiv los ntawm tub ceev xwm.

Scriabin - tus tsim lub teeb thiab nkauj

Alexander Nikolaevich Scriabin tau qhia txuj ci suab paj nruas txij thaum yau. Tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm cov tub rog tub rog, nws nkag mus hauv Moscow Conservatory, tom qab uas nws tau mob siab rau nws tus kheej rau nkauj. Nws cov paj huam thiab ua haujlwm qub yog qhov tshiab txawm tias tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv tshiab hauv suab paj nruag cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev tswj hwm kev nom tswv thiab kev ua neej nyob thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

Yog li, hauv qhov qhab nia ntawm cov paj huam paj huam "Prometheus" sau los ntawm nws, Scriabin suav nrog ntu rau lub teeb. Tab sis qhov kev tshaj tawm ua ntej, vim muaj teeb meem txuj ci, tau tshwm sim yam tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo.

Cambridge tau txais Tchaikovsky lub npe ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob ntawm Suab Nkauj yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thesis

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky yog ib tus neeg muaj suab npe tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb cov nkauj qub thiab cov kws sau paj huam uas tau tswj kom tsa suab paj nruag Lavxias mus rau qhov siab uas tsis tau pom dua.

Coob leej suav tias nws yog Neeg Sab Hnub Poob, tab sis nws tau tswj hwm txoj hauv kev zoo los ua ke qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Schumann, Beethoven thiab Mozart nrog kev coj ua Lavxias. Tchaikovsky ua haujlwm nyob rau yuav luag txhua yam suab paj nruag. Nws sau 10 operas, 7 symphonies, 3 ballets, 4 suites thiab 104 romances.

Cov txheeb ze kwv yees txoj haujlwm rau nws ua tub rog thiab raug cais tawm tsam nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev saib xyuas. Nws tau paub tias tus txiv ntxawm ntawm tus kws sau nkauj yav tom ntej tau hais tsis txaus ntseeg: ""

Lub Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Cambridge, yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thesis, hauv qhov tsis muaj, tau txais Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky lub npe ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob ntawm Suab Nkauj, thiab Academy of Fine Arts ntawm Paris tau xaiv nws nws tus tswv cuab.

Rimsky-Korsakov tuag vim nws ua yeeb yam

Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov yog tus neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo, tus kws thuam suab paj nruag, tus kws sau nkauj Lavxias zoo thiab cov pej xeem. Tus tub ntawm tus kws lij choj thiab tus tswv av, nws tau txais kev kawm zoo, tau mus ncig ntau, thiab tom qab rov qab los rau nws lub tebchaws nws tau tswj hwm txhua qhov chaw: nws yog tus kws tshuaj xyuas cov tooj dag ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Tub Rog, qhia ntawm St. Petersburg Conservatory, ntawm uas nws yog xibfwb, ua suab paj nruag thiab ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam, tau pab tus thawj coj ntawm Tsev Hais Plaub Hu Nkauj Chapel.

Ib qho ntawm nws nyiam cov ntsiab lus hauv nws txoj haujlwm yog cov dab neeg ua haujlwm. Cov ua yeeb yam "The Tale of Tsar Saltan", "Kashchei the Immortal", "The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevronia", "The Golden Cockerel" muab nws lub npe menyuam yaus Storyteller.

Opera "Golden Cockerel" los ntawm Rimsky-Korsakov tau sau xyoo 1908 raws li zaj dab neeg ntawm tib lub npe los ntawm Pushkin. Kev censorship pom hauv txoj haujlwm no ua rau muaj kev npau taws rau kev ywj pheej, thiab kev ua yeeb yam raug txwv. Qhov no ua rau tus kws sau ntawv lub plawv nres. Nws tuag ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam thib ob hauv Lyubensk qub txeeg qub teg thaum Lub Rau Hli 21, 1908.

Thawj qhov ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau nkauj zoo - thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 24, 1909 ntawm Sergei Zimin Opera House hauv Moscow. Kev tshaj tawm ua ntej los ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv Lavxias Vedomosti ntawv xov xwm:

Composer Borodin nrhiav tau lub koom haum Lavxias Tshuaj lom neeg

Alexander Porfirevich Borodin yog tus kws sau paj huam Lavxias-nugget. Nws tsis muaj kws tshaj lij suab paj nruag, thiab nws ua tiav txhua yam hauv suab paj nruag ua tsaug rau kev ywj pheej zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sau. Borodin sau nws thawj daim nkauj thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoos. Nws ntaus piano, tshuab raj thiab cello.

Cov suab paj nruag nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm Borodin yog ua yeeb yam "Tub Vaj Ntxwv Igor", raws cov phiaj xwm "Cov lus ntawm Igor Kev Sib Tw." Lub tswv yim ntawm kev sau cov yeeb yam no tau qhia rau Borodin los ntawm V. Stasov. Borodin tau ua txoj haujlwm nrog kev mob siab rau: nws kawm suab paj nruag thiab keeb kwm ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd thiab txawm mus xyuas thaj tsam ntawm Putivl. Kev sau ua yeeb yam tau siv 18 xyoo. Xyoo 1887 Borodin tuag yam tsis tau ua tiav cov nkauj no. Nws tau paub tias Borodin nws tus kheej tau tswj hwm ib feem ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia, rov hais dua, qhov tshwm sim ntawm Yaroslavna, Konchak, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vladimir Galitsky, kev quaj ntsuag ntawm Yaroslavna, cov nkauj hu nkauj. Rimsky-Korsakov thiab Glazunov ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm Borodin cov ntawv.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias suab paj nruag tsis yog Borodin tsuas yog mob siab rau. Nws tau ua tiav zoo hauv tshuaj thiab tshuaj lom neeg, tau txais nws daim ntawv pov thawj tshuaj hauv xyoo 1858. Borodin tau tshuaj xyuas lub chaw kuaj tshuaj, yog ib tus kws tshaj lij thiab kws qhia ntawv ntawm Medico-Surgical Academy, tus tswv cuab hwm ntawm Koom Haum ntawm Cov Kws Kho Mob Lavxias thiab yog ib tus tsim ntawm Lavxias Lub Koom Haum Tshuaj. Tus kws sau ntawv Borodin muaj ntau dua 40 ua haujlwm hauv tshuaj lom neeg, thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov ntsev ntsev ntawm carboxylic acids nrog halogens tau muaj npe tom qab nws, uas nws yog thawj tus kawm rov qab rau xyoo 1861.

Sergei Rachmaninoff txhais tes muaj nuj nqis ntawm ib lab daus las

Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff, tus kws sau paj huam loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tau ncaim Russia xyoo 1917 thiab tau nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Yuav luag 10 xyoo tom qab tawm hauv tebchaws Russia, nws tsis sau nkauj, ncig tebchaws ntau hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Amelikas, qhov uas nws tau lees paub tias yog tus coj zoo tshaj plaws thiab yog tus pianist loj tshaj ntawm lub sijhawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Rachmaninov thoob plaws nws lub neej tseem yog tus neeg nrhiav kev nyob ib leeg, tsis nyab xeeb thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo. Tag nrho nws lub neej nws txhawj xeeb tiag tias nws tau ncaim nws lub tebchaws lawm. Thaum Tsov Rog Loj Patriotic, Sergei Rachmaninov tau muab ntau yam kev txhawb siab rau kev hais kwv txhiaj, thiab tag nrho nws cov khoom tau xa mus rau Red Army cov nyiaj.

Rachmaninoff muaj qhov tshwj xeeb - cov keyboard loj tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus paub pianist. Nws npog 12 tus yuam sij dawb ib zaug, thiab nrog nws txhais tes laug ua CE flat G to G chord yooj yim heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis zoo li ntau tus neeg ntaus nkauj pianists, nws muaj tes zoo nkauj zoo nkauj tsis muaj cov leeg o thiab tsis muaj pob txha ntawm nws cov ntiv tes.

Thaum Rachmaninov tiv thaiv nws tus kheej los ntawm paparazzi, tsis xav ua, thiab thaum yav tsaus ntuj daim duab ntawm tus sau tau tshwm sim hauv cov ntawv xov xwm: lub ntsej muag tsis pom, tsuas yog nws ob txhais tes. Cov kab lus hauv qab daim duab yog: "Tes uas muaj nqis ib lab!"

Qhov tseeb nthuavNorwegian Air Force Orchestra kaw ib daim CD ua haujlwm los ntawm cov kws sau nkauj Lavxias thiab Soviet, thiab kev hais kwv txhiaj tau tshwm sim hauv Trondheim thaum lub Plaub Hlis 18, 2013. Qhov no yog ntu thib peb ntawm "Kev Tshaj Tawm Lavxias" ntawm Norwegian Air Force Orchestra. Cov nkauj hu ua "Battle of Stalingrad", thiab lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog Khachaturian chav suite los ntawm Soviet zaj duab xis ntawm tib lub npe qhia los ntawm Petrov. Lub disc muaj lwm cov haujlwm los ntawm Khachaturian, thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm Dmitry Kabalevsky, Reingold Glier thiab Rimsky-Korsakov.

Nws yuav zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis Canadian tus kws yees duab Benjamina von Vaughn ua lub suab sib dhos ntawm peb caug Nikon lub koob yees duab.