Ib tug neeg Fab Kis thiab tus pov thawj rau Pushkin thiab tus German rau Turgenev: Leej twg yog thawj tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias zoo

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Thawj cov xib fwb tsis txaus ntseeg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txhua tus neeg lub neej. Lawv tsis tsuas yog tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kev paub, tab sis tseem cuam tshuam rau kev tsim tus yam ntxwv. Hnub no, tus menyuam ntsib thawj tus kws qhia ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv, thiab nyob rau xyoo 19th, cov tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe tau caw cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov kws qhia ncaj qha mus tsev. Nws yog cov kws qhia tom tsev uas tau npaj cov phab ej ntawm peb qhov kev tshuaj xyuas niaj hnub no rau kev nkag mus rau chav dhia ua si, qhia thiab qhia paub yav tom ntej ntawm cov chav kawm yav tom ntej.

Alexander Pushkin

Cov tswv xeev feem ntau raug caw tuaj koom tsev neeg Pushkin, uas yog vim li cas thiaj tsis nyob ntev. Suav ntawm Montfort, ua tsaug rau nws kev sib txuas lus nrog menyuam yaus hauv nws hom lus, tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais hluas ntse kom kawm tau lus Fabkis zoo. Tom qab nws, tsis yog lus Fab Kis nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tau qhia Latin hauv tsev neeg los ntawm tus kws qhia Ruslo, uas tau hloov los ntawm Shendel thiab Lodge.

Alexander kawm lus Askiv nrog nws cov kwv tij thiab muam nrog Miss Bailey txoj kev tswj hwm. Ib tus kws qhia ntawv zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, Alexander Belikov, pov thawj ntawm Mariinsky Institute, qhia lej thiab lus Lavxias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Alexander Sergeevich nyeem ntau, thiab ntawm Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, qhov uas nws nkag mus, Pushkin ua rau nws cov phooj ywg xav tsis thoob nrog qhov pom dav thiab nco tau zoo.

Mikhail Lermontov, tus kws kho mob

Niam pog ntawm Mikhail Lermontov, uas hlub nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv heev thiab pom zoo nrog nws txiv txog kev tsa tus tub kom txog thaum nws muaj 16 xyoos, ua txhua yam kom ntseeg tau tias yav tom ntej tus kws sau ntawv tau txais kev kawm zoo. Ib chav kawm cais tau teeb tsa rau nws hauv tsev neeg, thiab cov kws qhia ntawv zoo tshaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau muab rau tus tub paub txog kev paub.

Thawj tus kws qhia txog yav tom ntej kws sau paj huam yog Fab Kis Jacot, tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov los ntawm Jean Capet. Tom qab ntawd tus kws tshawb fawb Levi thiab Christina Roemer, uas tau qhia lus German, kawm Lermontov, thiab kev txhawb nqa tau muab rau tus tswv xeev Viso. Ua ntej nkag mus rau Moscow lub tsev kawm ntawv nce tsev, Alexei Zinoviev, tus kws qhia ntawv los ntawm tsev kawm qib siab, uas tseem yog thawj tus nyeem ntawv ntawm tus kws sau paj huam hluas, kawm lus Lavxias thiab lus Latin, thaj tsam thiab keeb kwm nrog tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej. Cov ntawv nyeem tau qhia rau Lermontov los ntawm Moscow University tus xibfwb Alexei Merzlyakov.

Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau cov kws qhia ntawv no, tseem muaj ntau tus kws qhia ntawv uas Mikhail Lermontov kawm keeb kwm thiab lus, lej thiab lej, kos duab thiab nkauj. Tus tub kawm nrog kev txaus siab, thiab nws pog nyob hauv txhua txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem txhawb tus tub xeeb ntxwv txoj kev xav paub thiab txawm sau cov phooj ywg ntawm Mikhail Yuryevich, yog li ua ke nws muaj kev lom zem ntau rau lawv kom kawm txuj ci. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 10 tus tub tau koom nrog chav kawm nrog rau yav tom ntej kws sau paj huam.

Lev Tolstoy

Cov phauj uas tsa Leo Tolstoy, nws cov nus muag thiab muam, xav muab kev kawm rau lawv cov menyuam, thiab yog li ntawd ntiav 11 tus kws qhia ntawv uas mus ntsib lawv cov tub xeeb ntxwv. Tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej tsuas yog tsib xyoos thaum nws pib kawm nrog nws cov nus muag. Hmoov tsis zoo, kev kawm tsis yooj yim rau Tolstoy, vim tias cov menyuam yaus tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau dua.

Thawj tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm Lev Nikolaevich yog Fab Kis Saint-Thomas, uas nruj heev thiab xav tau. Nws qhia cov tub hluas Fabkis thiab Latin, tab sis xav tau heev tsis nyiam yav tom ntej classics. Thaum Saint-Thomas thawj zaug rau txim rau Leo me me los ntawm xauv nws hauv lub txee dai khaub ncaws thiab hem tias yuav nplawm, tus tub zoo li xav tsis thoob li. Lev Nikolaevich tau muaj kev khuv leej ntau dua rau German Fyodor Rossel, tus txiv neej siab zoo uas muaj txoj hmoo nyuaj, uas muaj txoj sia nyob ntawm kev poob cev qias neeg thiab khiav tawm ntawm nws lub tebchaws.

Fedor Dostoevsky, tus thawj coj

Txawm hais tias Fyodor Dostoevsky yug thiab loj hlob hauv tsev neeg txom nyem, niam txiv tau sim muab lawv cov menyuam kawm ntawv zoo. Lawv dhau los ua thawj tus kws qhia ntawv rau menyuam yaus lawv tus kheej: lawv qhia kev paub nyeem ntawv, kev pib ua lej, nyeem thiab lus.

Tom qab ntawd, cov kwv tij Drachousov tau hloov chaw ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv: Nikolai qhia Fabkis, Alexander - lej, Vladimir - ntaub ntawv. Cov menyuam yaus tau qhia txog Txoj Cai ntawm Vajtswv los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pawg ntseeg, uas tuaj yeem rov hais dua cov dab neeg hauv phau Vajlugkub ib yam li txawm tias niam Maria Feodorovna tsis nco qab txog nws txoj kev lag luam thiab mloog nrog tus xibfwb txaus siab, uas tau qhia cov dab neeg qhia nrog kev tshoov siab thiab kev xav.

Ivan Turgenev: 3 lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk

Txij thaum yau los, Ivan Sergeevich tau tsa los ntawm cov kws qhia, German lossis Fabkis. Tab sis lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Ivan me ntsis yog nws niam, tus poj niam zoo siab thiab tsis tuaj yeem txwv nws txoj kev xav. Qhov ua txhaum me tshaj tuaj yeem ua rau raug txim hnyav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Varvara Turgeneva tau kawm zoo heev, paub cov lus thiab sib tham nrog menyuam yaus ua lus Fab Kis.

Tom qab Ivan muaj cuaj xyoos, Turgenevs tau rov qab los ntawm Tebchaws Europe, qhov uas lawv nyob, mus rau Russia thiab ntiav cov kws qhia ntawv hauv Lavxias, Fab Kis thiab Latin, seev cev, lej, keeb kwm, thaj chaw thiab kos duab. Tab sis qhov cim zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev nco thiab tus ntsuj plig ntawm tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej tau tso tseg los ntawm Ivan Klyushnikov, tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm Weidengammer Moscow lub tsev kawm ntawv nce tsev, uas tsis yog qhia nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tuaj qhia hauv Turgenevs lub tsev. Nws qhia Ivan Turgenev rau keeb kwm Lavxias thiab tsis yog tsuas yog tus kws qhia, tab sis kuj yog tus phooj ywg laus rau Ivan Sergeevich. Lawv kev sib txuas lus tau kav ntev ntau xyoo.

Niaj hnub no, cov menyuam pib kawm feem ntau tsis nyob hauv tsev, tab sis hauv cov tsev kawm qib kindergarten, uas twb muaj lawm tau tso tseg ntev los tsuas yog qhov chaw uas menyuam nyob thaum niam txiv ua haujlwm. Ntau qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau cov tsev kawm preschool, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog kev sib haum xeeb thiab nthuav dav ntawm tus menyuam.