Ancient lunar amulets - kev faib tawm thiab hom ntawm amulets (duab)

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Lunnitsa yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau amulets-amulets uas tau muaj nyob rau ntau lub sijhawm thiab yog ib feem ntawm poj niam txoj kev hnav khaub ncaws. Nrog rau txhua yam ntau yam ntawm cov ntawv thiab cov txuj ci ntawm kev ua tau zoo, lawv qhov zoo ib yam rau lub hli tseem tsis hloov pauv, suav nrog kev teev ntuj, kev yug menyuam thiab poj niam txoj cai.

Lunar ntau lawm muaj nws keeb kwm nyob rau ib txhiab xyoo. Thawj peb-horned lunars tau paub twb nyob hauv cov monuments ntawm Hnub Nyoog Bronze. Nyob rau lub sijhawm qub, lub hli daj daj daj daj daj, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov ntaub zoo nkauj, tshwm. Hauv Roman lub sijhawm lig, lub ntsej muag crescent tau nthuav dav ntawm cov neeg ntawm Europe thiab Western Asia. Los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Europe, thaum ntxov Chernyakhov lunits pib. Cov hniav crescents yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm Dnieper ib puag ncig thiab koom nrog Kiev kab lis kev cai.

Los ntawm qhov thib ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 9th. lunars tshwm nyob rau hauv kab lis kev cai ntawm Eastern Slavs thiab muaj nyob txog thaum xyoo pua 13th. Zoo li Qub Lavxias pectoral crosses Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Ancient Russia, lub hli tau nthuav tawm nyob rau xyoo X-XI. thiab nyob rau XII-XIII ib-paus xyoo. dhau los ua neeg nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws ntawm cov pejxeem hauv zos, txawm hais tias, raws li cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau qhia, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab lub hli raws li kev hnav khaub ncaws Slavic dawb huv. Cov tsos ntawm ob -horned lunars yog cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag mus rau hauv Slavic ib puag ncig thaum kawg ntawm 7th - pib ntawm xyoo pua 8. complex ntawm filigree-grained poj niam cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub hauv kev txuas nrog thawj nthwv dej ntawm Byzantine cuam tshuam. Cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lunnits yog nyiaj stamped, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov nplej tiag, uas tau paub los ntawm cov khauj khaum ntawm 10 - 11 caug xyoo. Hauv kev ua raws li lawv los ntawm tooj liab thiab tin-lead alloys, moonworms tau pov nrog tus qauv uas theej cov qoob loo. Lawv tau hnav feem ntau yog pendants rau ornate necklaces nrog sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj.

Los ntawm XII caug xyoo. suav nrog cov saw caj dab, uas tuaj yeem suav nrog ntau dua kaum qhov sib txawv qub Lavxias amulets ntawm pendants-lunar … Xyoo 1914, thawj qhov kev cais ntawm lunnits, tsim los ntawm Vera Vladimirovna Golmsten, tau luam tawm. Nws kev faib tawm yog ua raws qhov piv txwv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm kab nruab nrab kab rov tav mus rau qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm lub tshuab raj. Raws li qhov kev faib tawm no, lunars tau muab faib ua qhov dav-horned thiab nqaim-horned, thiab raws li cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom-rau hauv stamped filigree thiab cam khwb cia. Dav-horned nyiaj hli lunars ntawm filigree-grain ua haujlwm, paub rau peb los ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis thiab ib tus neeg nplua nuj faus neeg hauv lub feudal nom tswv hauv ntiaj teb, yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog nroog Russia ntawm xyoo pua 10-11th.

Broad -horned cam khwb cia moonfish tau pib siv thaum kawg ntawm 10th - pib ntawm xyoo pua 11th. (sau hnub tim raws li cov nyiaj npib pom nrog lawv hauv kev faus neeg thiab khaws cia).

Cov nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj nqaj yog ib tsob ntoo kws zoo nkauj ua ob daim ceg sib txawv ntawm cov lus qhia sib txawv, thiab cov qauv geometric ntawm cov kab nyem thiab cov pob pseudo-grain. XI-XII ib. dav-horned hli hli tau hloov pauv los ntawm hom tshiab-ntse-horned, steep-horned, kaw, hla-suav nrog, thiab lwm yam, uas muaj ncaj qha Byzantine prototypes, uas tig rov qab mus rau Roman lub hli hli 3-4 ib puas xyoo.

Ntxiv nrog rau hom lunits tau piav qhia saum toj no, thoob plaws hauv tebchaws Russia, hauv keeb kwm ntawm XI-XII ib puas xyoo. nrum lunars me me kuj tau nthuav tawm, ntawm qhov nws qee zaum nyuaj rau cais cov nqaim-horned los ntawm cov dav-horned.

Peb yuav ua tiav qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm amulets ntawm pab pawg no nrog cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub hli ntawm lub ntsej muag txawv-qhov hu ua kaw-tawg (lunar nrog tus ntoo khaub lig). Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau xav kom ua tus yam pendants rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob txoj kev ntseeg uas tau tsim hauv Ancient Rus hauv xyoo pua 10. ib txhij nrog kev saws me nyuam ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv thiab hauv qee thaj tsam txuas ntxiv mus txog niaj hnub no.

Kuj tseem muaj qhov kev xav tias hom ntawv ntxiv no, zoo li txhua lub lunettes, yog thawj qhov cuam tshuam nrog Roman faj tim teb chaws, nrog cov tib neeg ntawm Catholic lub tebchaws, qhov uas lawv tau pom tias yog neeg muaj txuj ci thiab yog lub cim ntseeg ntawm Virgin Mary.

Hauv ob qho nqaim-horned thiab dav-horned lunars, tseem muaj kev faib ua feem hauv txhua hom. Lunnitsa tau muab faib ua: - slotted - qhov dav -horned feem ntau yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev txiav tawm ntawm lub hli lunar, thiab nqaim -horned sawv - nrog cov qauv qhib. - nrog zoomorphic lossis lwm qhov xaus.

Nws yuav tsum tau hais txog tias feem coob ntawm cov cam khwb cia dav-horned thiab nqaim-horned lunars paub rau peb los ntawm faus monuments tshuav los ntawm cov neeg nyob deb nroog ntawm Ancient Rus.

Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho zoo heev uas xav tias cov khoom zoo nkauj no, zoo li ntau lwm tus, tau ua los ntawm cov tuam tsev loj. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, pheej yig cam khwb cia dav-horned thiab nqaim-horned lunars, uas yog cov khoom lag luam hauv zos cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub hauv zej zog, yeej hauv poj niam cov hlau taub hau ntawm cov neeg nyob deb nroog zoo ib yam ntawm sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Russia thaum lub sijhawm 11th- XII caug xyoo.