Cov Keeb Kwm ntawm Vinyl: Yuav Ua Li Cas Cov Menyuam Tin Tau Hloov Ua Cov Ntaub Ntawv

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Ib tus neeg los ntawm Soviet Union tsis tas yuav piav qhia tias cov ntaub ntawv gramophone yog dab tsi. Qhov tseeb, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws - txhua tus neeg muaj qee yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog cov yas yas no, vim lawv tau kaw lawv cov nkauj nyiam thaum yau thiab hluas. Qhov hnov qab tsis hnov tsw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lub suab tawg uas tau hnov thaum lub koob tau qis qis rau ntawm lub disc, lub suab "sov" tau hnov hauv tus hais lus - txhua qhov kev xav zoo sib xws, zoo li tsis nco qab hauv lub ntiaj teb digital niaj hnub no, tseem tsis tau maj tso lawv txoj haujlwm.

Leej twg tsim cov ntaub ntawv gramophone thiab lawv tau npaj li cas

Lub sijhawm kaw suab zoo li yuav siv sijhawm ntev heev, txawm tias peb tsis xav txog thaum ntxov thiab zoo li cov cuab yeej qub, xws li "lub cev dej". Hauv qhov kev nkag siab, kev txhim kho thiab kev vam meej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv gramophone hauv tsev yuav luag ua ke nrog lub sijhawm muaj nyob ntawm USSR. Tias yog vim li cas cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm nostalgically decorated sab hauv, dhau los ua tib lub cim ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los, zoo li cov koob yees duab qub, samovars lossis chij los ntawm May Day ua qauv qhia.

Kev tsim cov cuab yeej siv rau kaw thiab rov ua suab yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm Thomas Edison, uas xyoo 1877 tau patented nws "phonograph". Ib lub tog raj kheej zoo li tus menyuam qhwv rau hauv cov ntawv ci lossis npog nrog ntawv ciab yog tus qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab suab tau "kaw" rau nws. Thaum lub kaw lus, cov menyuam tig, thiab rab koob tau siv qhov zawj ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tob rau saum npoo, nyob ntawm lub suab. Thaum lub sijhawm ua si, siv rab koob sib txawv, nws qhov kev co tau kis mus rau daim nyias nyias, thiab cov cim siv tshuab tau hloov pauv mus rau lub suab cim, uas tau nthuav dav los ntawm lub khob hliav qab.

Xws li qhov nruab nrab - cov menyuam - tsis yooj yim tshwj xeeb, ua ntej tshaj plaws, vim tias hnav sai thiab tsim kua muag thiab nyuaj rau luam theej tawm cov ntawv kaw. Thiab kaum xyoo tom qab, xyoo 1887, daim ntawv nruab nrab tau tsim - cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yas. Tom qab ntawd zinc tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv los ua lub suab nrov. Tus kws tsim cov ntaub ntawv, Emil Berliner, hloov pauv qee txoj cai ntawm kev kaw cia - tsis zoo li Edison lub cuab yeej, ntawm no rab koob tau tso "qhov zawj" ntawm qhov tob tob, tab sis ua txhaum, raws li qhov kev co ntawm lub suab.

Tam sim no nws tau dhau los ua qhov yooj yim dua los kaw cov suab kaw - cov hlau hlau tau siv rau kev tsim khoom, thiab cov ntaub ntawv lawv tus kheej tau ua los ntawm ebonite - roj hmab vulcanized. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov khoom siv pheej yig dua - shellac, uas yog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim los ntawm qee hom kab.

Dab tsi yog cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg hauv lub xyoo pua XX

Ib nplooj ntawv sib cais hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv gramophone yog kev hloov pauv ntawm lawv qhov loj me thiab kev sib hloov ceev. Thawj qhov, tso tawm thaum kawg ntawm ib puas xyoo ua ntej kawg, tuaj yeem ua si tsis pub ntev tshaj ob feeb ntawm kev kaw cia. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog xya ntiv tes, lossis 175 millimeters, txoj kab khiav tau dav heev, thiab kev sib hloov thaum lub sijhawm rov ua cov ntaub ntawv yog 78 rpm. Txij li xyoo 1903, lawv tau pib ua 12-nti discs, thiab ntawm txhua sab nws twb tuaj yeem mloog tau txog tsib feeb ntawm kev kaw suab paj nruag.

Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv ua si ntev hauv xyoo 1948 tau dhau los ua ib hom kev hloov pauv - tam sim no kev sib hloov nrawm yog 33 1/2; revolutions ib feeb twgIb qho ntxiv, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau hloov pauv dua: hloov pauv ntawm qhov tawg thiab nrov nrov shellac, lawv tau pib siv cov yas, qhov tseeb dua - cov copolymer ntawm vinyl chloride thiab vinyl acetate, cov khoom siv uas tsis tawg thiab ntau dua li shellac. lwm lub tuam txhab pib tsim cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov nrawm ntawm 45 rpm - qhov no yog hom ntawv xav tau cais cov cuab yeej siv rau kev ua si. Nyob rau theem no, kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv gramophone twb tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib tw ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv. lossis "minion" pawg, nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 7 ntiv tes (7 ")," grand " - 10" thiab "loj heev" - 12 ".

Ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv yas ib txwm siv, cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv kuj tau tsim - lawv tau ua los ntawm PVC. Feem ntau cov discs no tuaj yeem pom nruab nrab ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm qee phau ntawv Soviet, thawj zaug ntawm "Krugozor" thiab "Kolobok". Kev tsim dua tshiab ntawm cov ntawv zoo li qis dua me ntsis, tab sis tus nqi tsim khoom kuj tseem qis.

Txhawm rau tsim cov suab paj nruas thiab lwm yam kaw suab, tau siv lub tshuab tshwj xeeb, uas hauv kev hais lus sib tham tau hu ua lub suab nrov, tab sis raug cai nws tau hu ua "electroradiogramophone", thiab tom qab ntawd - "electrophone". Thawj cov cuab yeej zoo li no hauv USSR tau pib tsim xyoo 1932.

Txhua qhov kev lag luam suab hauv Soviet Union tau mob siab rau hauv txhais tes ntawm ib lub tuam txhab nkaus xwb, tau kawg, lub xeev, uas yog Melodiya. Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1964 thiab koom ua ke ob lub tsev kaw suab kaw tseg thiab kaw suab kaw suab. Melodiya muaj ob lub Kaum Ob Lub Tsev ntawm cov suab kaw suab thoob plaws hauv Union - cov khw muag ob lub suab kaw suab hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws rau cov pej xeem Soviet. Thiab lub tuam txhab nws tus kheej tau paub zoo nyob txawv teb chaws, ob qho tib si ua tsaug rau kev xa tawm cov khoom mus rau ntau lub tebchaws, thiab yog ib tus thawj coj hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv zoo gramophone.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo caum caum, Melodiya cov khoom lag luam suab tau twb tau diluted nrog cov kab xev compact, thiab txij li xyoo cuaj caum lub sijhawm rau cov ntawv cog lus tau los.

Cov ntaub ntawv qub rau ntau txhiab daus las

Mloog cov nkauj kaw suab tam sim no yog qhov yooj yim uas nws yuav tsum tau siv yam tsis muaj kev siv zog. Koj yeej tsis tas yuav mus rau lub khw tshwj xeeb rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov nkauj nyiam, saib nyob ntawm ntau pua thiab ntau txhiab daim yas yas rau ib qho, thiab tom qab ntawd khaws nws raws li txoj cai - ntsug, tsis muaj cua sov, deb ntawm tshav ntuj thiab txhua yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm txoj kev taug lossis kos lub ntsej muag ntawm lub disc. Thiab tseem, txawm tias nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm, qhov xav tau rau cov ntawv kaw suab tsis tau ploj mus, ntxiv mus, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem kaw qhov muag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yas nyob hauv thawj ob xyoo lawm ntawm lub xyoo pua XXI.

Cov nkauj qub ntawm Beatles tau rov ua dhau los ua cov muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kaum xyoo dhau los. Los ntawm txoj kev, lo lus heev "album" cuam tshuam nrog kev sau cov nkauj ua ke tsis tshwm sim. Ib zaug, ua ntej lub sijhawm LPs, ntau daim discs ntawm tib tus kws kos duab tau tso ua ke, cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg no tau ntim rau hauv ib lub thawv uas zoo ib yam li cov duab albums. zoo li cov suab paj nruag zoo tib yam. Kev hloov pauv digital ntawm lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no tsis yog txhua tus nyiam - qee cov nkauj nyiam ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub suab ntawm analog discs tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo raws li kev tsim dua tshiab, txawm tias lub tswv yim ntawm "raj suab" tau tshwm sim - uas yog, "nplua nuj thiab sov" mus rau qhov tsis muaj suab thiab txias ntawm "digital". cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg sau khoom tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau txhiab daus las. Thiab ntawm no dab tsi duab cov neeg nto moo yuav thiab ntau npaum li cas lawv txaus siab them rau cov haujlwm uas lawv nyiam.