Yuav ua li cas Askiv tsim cov plooj (porcelain) qub, thiab 150 xyoo tom qab nws dhau los ua tus neeg sau khoom npau suav

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Thaum tig ntawm XIX-XX ib puas xyoo, cov plooj (porcelain) cov khoom tsim los ntawm Askiv siv tshuab blush kaus ntxhw, tau nrov heev, thiab niaj hnub no lawv tau dhau los ua neeg sau tag nrho. Ib nrab vim tias cov txheej txheem ua cov plooj (porcelain) no nyuaj heev, tab sis ntau qhov nws muaj nqis nyob hauv nws qhov kev zoo nkauj, kos duab thiab tshwj xeeb cov ntsiab lus. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov plooj (porcelain) tshwj xeeb no yog keeb kwm yav dhau, muag heev, sov qhov ntxoov ntxoo, xim zoo nkauj ntawm cov kaus ntxhw thiab ua tiav los ntawm me ntsis "peach blush". Thiab tseem gilding, dag siv npog nrog patina thiab xim paj tshwj xeeb.

Hauv nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua puv 19, Western European cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thaum kawg tswj kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov plooj (porcelain) tsim, uas tsis zoo li Suav hauv nws qhov dawb. Qhov kev ua tiav no tau dhau los ntawm lawv qhov kev txaus siab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg Askiv tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov kaus ntxhw-xim av plooj (porcelain) yuav saib zoo nkauj npaum li cas hauv kev tsim cov tais diav tshwj xeeb thiab tsim nyog dua hauv kev tsim cov duab puab. Thiab tam sim ntawd lawv tau pib tsim kho lub thev naus laus zis tshiab uas yuav tso cai tsim cov plooj (porcelain) hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo sov, ze rau ntawm cov tawv nqaij.

Yog li, nyob nruab nrab ntawm 60s ntawm XIX xyoo pua, los ntawm kev sim thiab ua yuam kev, Askiv ntawm Royal Worcester porcelain manufactory tau tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab rau kev tsim cov plooj (porcelain). Qhov no yog li cas cov txiv ntseej thiab cov kaus poom liab tau sawv, daim ntawv qhia uas tau tsim los ua lub cim ntawm lus Askiv lub tswv yim, tau tshwm sim hauv qhov kev xav kom ze li sai tau rau ntuj ntxoov uas ua xim xim ntawm tawv nqaij, kaus ntxhw, coral. Txawm hais tias nyob rau lub sijhawm no lwm lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe tau txav mus rau qhov sib txawv kiag li, siv zog ua kom dawb huv thiab tsim cov plooj (porcelain) zoo nkauj.

Thawj qhov uas cov neeg Askiv pib tsim los ntawm cov kaus ntxhw ntsej muag yog cov vases, zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj amphorae qub nrog cov puab tsaig me me ua haujlwm zoo li Pan. Thiab nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tau siv zog heev. Yog li ntawd, cov lus Askiv tshwj xeeb blush kaus ntxhw tsuas yog tsim tawm ntawm Royal Worcester. Lub tuam txhab no tiv thaiv nws txoj cai patent rau cov plooj (porcelain) tshwj xeeb thiab tshem tawm txhua qhov kev sim luam nws.

Hauv kev tsim cov kaus ntxhw ntsej muag, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv ntau yam ntawm cov av nplaum tshwj xeeb, cov khoom lag luam uas raug rho tawm hauv cov yas yas tshwj xeeb tuaj ntawm Paris. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov plooj (porcelain) hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo sov. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog rau kev kos duab puab ua piv txwv cov duab puab marble.

Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis nyuaj tshaj plaws raws li kev lees paub ntawm Askiv zoo

Tom qab thawj zaug tua, cov khoom tau kho nrog glaze, sab hauv yog ci, sab nrauv ib sab. Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab ntawm cov pa txhuam hniav, uas nyuam qhuav tshwm sim rau siv thoob plaws, cov kws txua xim tinted cov khoom hauv qhov chaw nrog lub txiv duaj daj, ntxoov qee qhov chaw, uas muab cov khoom muag "mos" xim. Thiab qhov twg ua tiav qhov kub tau npaj tseg, cov kws ua haujlwm tau siv cov xim av coral, uas ua haujlwm raws li lub hauv paus muaj zog, thiab tom qab sib tsoo tau muab cov khoom zoo li qub. Qhov no tau ua raws los ntawm kev tua zaum ob.

Cov theem tom ntej ntawm kev tsim cov kaus ntxhw ntsej muag suav nrog thov cov qauv paj ntoo rau lub vases los ntawm kev maj mam kos los ntawm daim hlau tooj liab. Cov txheej txheem no zoo ib yam li kev siv cov ntawv txiav thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam uas pleev xim cov khoom tiav yav tom ntej. Thiab nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias thawj tus tswv los tsim cov paj ntoo ntawm paj ntoo yog Askiv tus tswv - Edward Raby thiab Frank Roberts.

Daim duab teeb pom kev zoo kuj tau ci ntawm qhov ntsuas kub qis, tom qab uas cov khoom lag luam tsis tiav tau dhau mus rau hauv txhais tes ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam, uas tau qhia tus kheej cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ua kom zoo nkauj, muab tso rau qhov ua tiav thiab ua kom pom tseeb. Thiab tom qab ntawd txhim kho kev tua ua raws.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog txhua yam. Tom qab plaub qhov kev tua, cov kws ua yeeb yam tau thov 22-carat kub rau daim, hais txog cov ntsiab lus thiab, raws li txoj cai, npog tag nrho cov leeg thiab lub hauv paus ntawm daim. Nyob rau theem kawg, uas yog, tom qab qhov kev tua zaum thib tsib, tus tswv tau ua haujlwm txhuam cov qhov txhab uas siv cov ntxhia tshwj xeeb ua kom zoo sib tov. Xws li polishing ua kom lub ntsej muag ci ntawm qhov ci thiab ua rau cov khoom zoo li nws tsis yog qhov tshiab "kub, kub", tab sis yog qhov qub, npog nrog patina ntawm lub sijhawm.

Thiab thaum kawg, Kuv xav hais tias qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb rau cov kaus ntxhw ntsej muag zoo sib xws nrog lub siab ntawm cov neeg Askiv, uas nyob rau xyoo pua puv 19 tau suav tias yog lub tebchaws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis uas tau nrhiav los qhia cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv txhua qhov hauv lub neej, xws li zoo li hauv kev kos duab thiab khoom siv tes ua, suav nrog.

Nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua puv 19, tseem nyob hauv Russia, tau pib tsim plooj (porcelain), uas tau nto moo thoob plaws ntiaj teb hauv qab lub npe - Dulevsky. Thiab qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no tau tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm "huab tais porcelain" Matvey Kuznetsov.