Video: Rebel Poets thiab Harem Inhabitants: Yuav ua li cas tus kws sau paj huam Khodasevich tus ntxhais tau dhau los ua tus kws kos duab tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yam kev ua yeeb yam
2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06
Ib daim duab nrog kos npe "V. Khodasevich" yuav ua rau tsis meej pem - puas yog kws sau paj huam Vladislav Khodasevich tseem nyiam pleev xim avant -garde? Tab sis tsis muaj - cov duab tiag tiag ntawm Lavxias bohemia ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th nrog kev kov ntawm Cezanneism thiab Cubism yog tus txhuam ntawm nws tus txheeb ze, Valentina Khodasevich.
Valentina Khodasevich yug hauv 1894 hauv tsev neeg ntawm kws lij choj Mikhail Khodasevich. Nws yog tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv rau tus kws sau paj huam nto moo Vladislav Khodasevich, tab sis nws tsuas yog yim xyoo yau dua nws, uas tso cai rau nws nkag mus hauv nws tus txiv ntxawm cov phooj ywg zoo.
Valentina kawm pleev xim rau hauv chav kawm Hnub Sunday ntawm cov lus dab neeg Stroganov Tsev Kawm Ntawv, tom qab ntawd mus rau Munich thiab Paris, qhov uas cov kws ua yeeb yam niaj hnub npau taws rau lub sijhawm ntawd.
Thiab nws lub tebchaws tau tos txais nws nrog kev kos duab avant-garde. Tsis muaj qhov kawg "isms" loj hlob thiab sib tw, cov koom haum muaj tswv yim tso tawm lawv cov kev tawm tsam thiab cov lus qhia tsis tseeb, hu kom pov cov duab qub "los ntawm lub nkoj niaj hnub no." Ib qho kev nthuav tawm tom qab lwm qhov qhib, qhia txog qhov kev nyiam ua yeeb yam tshiab, qee zaum ua rau cov neeg tsis tau npaj ua rau poob siab.
Valentina ntsib E. V. Tatlin. Tatlin lub studio tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau nws qhov kev sim tsim muaj tswv yim. Txij li thaum xyoo 1912, Valentina tau koom nrog ntau zaus hauv kev nthuav tawm ntawm "Ntiaj Teb Kev Kos Duab", "Union ntawm Cov Hluas" thiab "Jack of Diamonds", uas nws lub tswv yim tshwj xeeb yog ze rau nws.
Xyoo 1913, Valentina Khodasevich tau sib yuav tus kws kos duab Andrei Diederichs, uas tseem nyob ze rau "sab laug", kev coj ncaj ncees hauv kev kos duab.
Ua ke lawv tawm mus rau Petrograd. Muaj Valentina ua haujlwm ua tus duab kos duab txog xyoo 1918. Nws muaj cov duab ntawm txhua tus neeg muaj tswv yim muaj tswv yim ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd - ci, nquag, tsim ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm Cubism, Fauvism, Cezanneism thiab Lavxias avant -garde txav. Valentina kuj tau sau ntawv mus rau Maxim Gorky, uas tau dhau los ua phooj ywg zoo ntawm lawv tsev neeg nrog Andrei - Diederichs tau dhau los ua tus koom nrog hauv zej zog hauv Gorky chav tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hu xov tooj ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam nrhiav kev coj kos duab tawm ntawm cov tsev khaws khoom pov tseg mus rau txoj kev tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj suab nrov hauv Valentina tus plig. Ua ke nrog ob peb lwm tus tswv, nws pleev xim rau hauv Pittoresk café, thiab tom qab Lub Kaum Hli Kev Tawm Tsam, ua ke nrog nws tus txiv, nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim kev ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm Petrograd.
Xyoo 1919, Valentina pom txoj haujlwm tshiab - ua yeeb yam.
Nws tuaj rau hauv tsev ua yeeb yam raws li tus kws paub zoo, muaj tswv yim zoo, thiab tam sim no nws daim duab yog mus nrhiav nqaij nyob rau theem. Ntau tus kws kos duab nyob rau xyoo ntawd tig mus rau ua yeeb yam - tus lej xaj xaj rau cov duab poob qis, cov neeg sau khoom poob lawv cov peev, thiab thaj chaw ua yeeb yam, zoo li txhua qhov chaw ntawm cov xwm txheej pej xeem, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nthuav dav thiab tsim tawm. Kev ua yeeb yam yog txhais tau ob qho tib si txhawm rau txhim kho lawv cov nyiaj txiag thiab pov lawv tus kheej qhov kev sib tw muaj tswv yim tshiab. Tsis yog txhua tus kws ua yeeb yam uas tuaj ua haujlwm hauv tsev ua yeeb yam nyob ntawd ntev, tab sis rau Valentina Khodasevich, lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau dhau los ua lub tsev tiag.
Nws txhua yam pib nrog "Tsob Ntoo ntawm Kev Hloov pauv" raws li kev ua si los ntawm Gumilyov, thiab tom qab ntawd Valentina khov kho nws tus kheej hauv Theatre ntawm National Comedy, dhau los ua qhov ntawd, qhov tseeb, tus kws ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb. Tib Neeg Txoj Kev Lom Zem yog qhov txawv txav, sim ua yeeb yam nrog lub hauv paus tshiab ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab caw cov kws ua yeeb yam circus - Valentina, thaum tsim cov duab kos ntawm cov ris tsho, yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov xav tau ntawm pej xeem ib yam,leej twg xav pom qee yam ci ntsa iab, txaus siab rau lub qhov muag, thiab ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam nyuaj dua. Nov yog Valentina tus tswv ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm Lavxias avant -garde cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau ua lub luag haujlwm - nws tau hais kom ua zoo ntawm cov xim, daim ntawv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau cov peev txheej ntawm kev tshoov siab hauv cov khoom qub thiab txawv txawv, rov ua cov qiv qiv nyiaj hauv nws tus kheej.
Valentina kuj tsim kho kom zoo nkauj, muab qhov nyiam rau cov dav hlau loj loj - ntuj, dej hiav txwv, suab puam, ntxiv rau lawv nrog cov kab nyias nyias ntawm cov nkoj nkoj lossis cov duab piv txwv ntawm cov tsev - kev qhia los ntawm cov kws tsim kho Tatlin tsis muaj qhov tsis muaj qab hau. Khodasevich yeej tsis tau sim tsim qhov zoo nkauj uas ua raws qhov tseeb, siv zog rau qhov pom kev, txawm tias qhov qhuav, qhov tsawg, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsom mus rau cov neeg saib lub ntsej muag ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, thiab tsis yog ntawm kev nplua nuj ntawm cov theem.
Khodasevich cov style tau nquag, muaj zog, muaj kev cia siab nrog qhov zoo - qhov no tau zoo sib xws rau "rov ua dua tshiab" kos duab ntawm kev hloov pauv tom qab Russia. Nws hlub collage, siv photomontage, qhia cov neeg tsim khoom tsim khoom …
Valentina Khodasevich tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tshiab, thiab ntawm operettas uas txawv txawv, thiab ntawm cov haujlwm qub - "Rigoletto", "Othello", "Bakhchisarai Fountain". Xyoo 1922, Gorky tau caw nws tuaj xyuas - Valentina nyob rau rau lub hlis nyob ze Berlin, tsim cov duab nraaj "Berlin thaum Hmo Ntuj", muaj cov tango nthuav qhia thiab ua rau lub tsom iav champagne ci ntsa iab. Tom qab taug kev ntev los ntawm Tebchaws Europe, nws tau nyob nrog Gorky - lub sijhawm no hauv Sorrento. Nws kuj tau piav txog ob peb ntawm nws phau ntawv.
Thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, Valentina Khodasevich thiab Andrei Diderikhs tau khiav tawm mus rau Tashkent, qhov chaw uas Andrei tuag. Nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ob qhov kev raug ntes thiab raug kaw - luv luv ua tsaug rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov phooj ywg muaj kev cuam tshuam, tab sis … Valentina rov qab mus rau Leningrad xyoo 1945. Xyoo 1953 nws tau tsiv mus rau Moscow, qhov uas nws nyob mus txog thaum nws hnub kawg. Xyoo 1956, Valentina nres nws cov kev ua yeeb yam - nws yog lub sijhawm rau nws cov cim xeeb. Nws piav qhia nws ntau tus neeg paub hauv phau ntawv "Portraits in Words".
Valentina Khodasevich tuag nyob rau xyoo 1970, tau dim ob txoj kev tsov rog, kev hloov pauv - thiab yuav luag txhua tus neeg nws paub thiab nyiam. Nws tau tsim ntau dua ib thiab ib nrab puas qhov kev ua yeeb yam. Nws txoj kev ua yeeb yam yog qhov tsis lees paub thiab nws cov keeb kwm tseem ceeb. Ib ntawm cov pov thawj zaum kawg ntawm kev yug los ntawm kev kos duab tshiab, nws ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm avant-garde tag nrho nws lub neej, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tus kws kos duab ua haujlwm rau tib neeg.
Pom zoo:
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