Cov duab los ntawm tsev khaws cia ntawm cov neeg nto moo ntawm Soviet xinesmas thiab ua yeeb yam

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Txuas ntxiv tshuaj xyuas menyuam yaus cov duab retro ntawm kev ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem los ntawm koob "Peb txhua tus txij thaum menyuam yaus" thiab nyeem cov ntaub ntawv luv luv txog lawv thawj kauj ruam rau kev muaj tswv yim, koj tuaj yeem ua tus lej ntawm kev tshawb pom. Tab sis ua ntej dhau los ua neeg zoo thiab muaj koob npe, lawv tseem yog menyuam yaus thiab. Thiab qee tus ntawm lawv paub yuav luag txij thaum yug los lawv yuav dhau los li cas thaum lawv loj tuaj, thiab qee leej yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv txoj kev ncig mus rau lawv txoj haujlwm, kov yeej cov teeb meem.

Georgy Mikhailovich Vitsin (1917 - 2001)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab. Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR (1990).

Georgy Vitsin yug hauv thaj av ntawm Finland - hauv lub nroog Terijoki (tam sim no Zelenogorsk), tsis ntev tsev neeg tau tsiv mus rau Petrograd, thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd mus rau Moscow. Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej, George yog tus menyuam txaj muag heev, thiab tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem xav txog yam txuj ci dag hauv nws. Thiab txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov kev txaj muag ntau dhau, nws tau cuv npe hauv chav ua yeeb yam tsev kawm ntawv, thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12 xyoos nws tau tshwm sim thawj zaug.

Tom qab tsev kawm ntawv, Vitsin nkag mus hauv tsev ua yeeb yam. Thiab cia ib xyoos tom qab nws raug ntiab tawm ntawm xyoo thib ob "rau tus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau txoj kev kawm." Tab sis nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm tib lub xyoo, nws dhau qhov kev xeem ib zaug rau peb lub tsev kawm ua yeeb yam: lub studio Alexei Diky, Theatre of Revolution thiab V. I. Vakhtangov - tam sim no "Sliver". Tus tub hluas xaiv tom kawg, thiab tom qab kawm ib xyoos, nws tau tsiv mus rau Moscow Art Theatre studio, uas nws kawm tiav los ntawm. Thaum tau txais tus neeg ua yeeb yam daim ntawv kawm tiav hauv xyoo 1936, Georgy Vitsin tau mus ua haujlwm hauv chav ua yeeb yam ntawm N. P. Khmelev (ua yeeb yam npe tom qab M. Ermolova)

Efremov, Oleg Nikolaevich (1927 - 2000)

Soviet thiab Lavxias tus neeg ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab ua yeeb yam tus thawj coj, tus kws qhia ntawv.

Oleg Efremov yug hauv Moscow hauv chav loj hauv zej zog, lub neej uas dhau los tsis yog ib feem ntawm nws thaum yau, tab sis tseem txiav txim siab nws txoj kev txhim kho ua tus tswv. Nws yog qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm Arbat lub tsev uas feem ntau tau txiav txim siab ua ntej ntawm nws lub neej. Ua ke nrog cov phooj ywg nyob ib puag ncig lub tsev, lawv tau koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam hauv Lub Tsev ntawm Cov Pioneer, ua ke, thaum lawv loj hlob, lawv tau nkag mus rau Moscow Art Theatre. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog Efremov raug coj los ntawm txhua tus neeg hauv tsev hais plaub. Tom qab ntawd Oleg cog lus rau nws cov phooj ywg tias nws yuav ua si rau txhua tus ntawm lawv. Thiab, raws li cov neeg tim khawv pom, ib zaug thaum nws tseem hluas, nws tseem tau cog lus tias yuav ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, tau kaw qhov lus cog tseg no nrog nws cov ntshav.

Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kawm tiav, nws tsis raug coj mus rau Moscow Art Theatre nto moo. Yog li ntawd, tus tub hluas ua yeeb yam yuav tsum pib nws txoj haujlwm xyoo 1949 ntawm Lub Tsev Me Nyuam Yaus Theatre, qhov uas nws ua haujlwm tau yim xyoo. Tau ntau xyoo, tsis yog tsuas yog cov neeg mloog hluas nyiam nws, tab sis kuj yog cov thawj coj uas tau muab lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau nws. Tau txais txoj cai thiab tau txais kev paub dhau los, Oleg Efremov tau sim nws tus kheej ua tus thawj coj hauv nws tus kheej ua yeeb yam, thiab ib xyoos tom qab, nws tau teeb tsa nws tus kheej ua yeeb yam - Sovremennik ua yeeb yam.

Leonov, Evgeny Pavlovich (1926 - 1994)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab.

Evgeny Leonov yug hauv Moscow hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thiab tus niam tsev. Nrog pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, nws tau txais txoj haujlwm ua tus kws qhia ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom dav hlau, uas nws ua haujlwm nrog nws txiv. Xyoo 1943, Eugene nkag mus rau Aviation Instrument-Making College, qhov uas nws tau koom nrog hauv kev ua yeeb yam pib xyaum ua. Nws nyob ntawd uas nws tau txais lub npe menyuam yaus "peb tus kws kos duab".

Thaum nws nyob rau xyoo thib peb ntawm lub tsev kawm txuj ci txuj ci, Zhenya nkag mus rau Moscow Kev Tshawb Fawb Theatre Studio, uas tau qhia los ntawm tus kws sau paj huam ntawm Bolshoi Theatre R. V. Zakharov, thiab tawm ntawm lub tsev kawm txuj ci. Xyoo 1947, tus neeg ua yeeb yam xav kawm tiav hauv chav studio thiab tam sim pom nws tus kheej hauv pawg ua yeeb yam, uas thaum kawg dhau los ua Stanislavsky Theatre.

Shukshin, Vasily Makarovich (1929 - 1974)

Soviet tus thawj coj ua yeeb yaj kiab, tus ua yeeb yam, tus kws sau ntawv thiab tus kws sau ntawv.

Vasily Shukshin yug hauv lub zos Srostki (Siberian Territory) rau tsev neeg txom nyem; nws txiv raug ntes thiab tua nyob rau xyoo 1933. Txhua qhov kev saib xyuas menyuam yaus poob ntawm lub xub pwg ntawm leej niam, Maria Sergeevna. Tom qab kev ua tiav ntawm nws txiv thiab ua ntej tau txais nws daim ntawv hla tebchaws, Vasily Makarovich ris nws niam lub npe menyuam yaus - Popov. Hauv kev ua tsov rog xyoo tom qab, nws tau mus kawm hauv Biysk Automotive Technical School, thiab tom qab kawm tiav, Shukshin yuav tsum ua haujlwm ua tus kws xauv xauv, tus ua haujlwm nruj, thiab tus ua haujlwm nyob hauv ntau lub nroog ntawm Russia.

Xyoo 1949, Shukshin tau mob siab ua haujlwm hauv Navy. Nws tau ua tus neeg tsav nkoj hauv Baltic Fleet, tom qab ntawd ua tus xov tooj cua nyob hauv Hiav Txwv Dub. Nws yog thaum lub sijhawm pabcuam uas Shukshin tau ua haujlwm sau ntawv. Nws sau cov dab neeg uas nws nyeem rau cov hais mav hauv qhov kev pabcuam. Mobilized, nws rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws me me thiab tswj hwm ua haujlwm raws li tus kws qhia keeb kwm, thiab tom qab ntawd yog tus thawj coj hauv tsev kawm. Xyoo 1960 nws kawm tiav los ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm All-Union State Institute of Cinematography (Rhiav ntawm Mikhail Romm).

Fateeva, Natalia Nikolaevna (yug xyoo 1934)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab actress.

Natalia Fateeva yug hauv Kharkov. Nws txiv yog tub rog, thiab nws niam yog lub taub hau ntawm lub studio zam. Nws yog los ntawm nws txiv, uas muaj lub peev xwm hais tau zoo thiab ntaus piano, uas Natasha coj nws lub peev xwm muaj tswv yim.

Tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv, Fateeva, raws li tau npaj tseg, tau thov rau Kharkov Theatre Institute. Tom qab ib ntus, tus tub ntxhais kawm zoo nkauj tau raug caw tuaj koom ua tus tshaj tawm. Tab sis tsis ntev tom qab ntawd nws raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub koom haum. Natalia tsis poob siab thiab, yam tsis tau tos, tau kov yeej hauv Moscow. Muaj nws nkag mus rau VGIK thiab pib lub neej los ntawm kos.

Demyanenko, Alexander Sergeevich (1937 - 1999)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias ua yeeb yam, ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab TV ua yeeb yam, tus tswv ntawm dubbing. Tib neeg tus kws kos duab ntawm RSFSR (1991).

Alexander Demyanenko yug hauv Sverdlovsk (tam sim no Yekaterinburg). Nws txiv yog tus kws kos duab ntawm Opera House, tus kws qhia txuj ci ua yeeb yam hauv ib ntawm lub nroog cov chaw khaws khoom. Yuav luag tam sim tom qab yug nws tus tub, Demyanenko Sr. tawm hauv tsev neeg los tsim qhov tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, qee lub sijhawm tom qab, nws tso nws tus poj niam thib ob thiab rov qab mus rau Alexander niam, tab sis tsis ntev. Tsis ntev, Sergei Demyanenko rov tawm tsev neeg rau tus hlub tshiab. Txawm hais tias nws txiv tsis zoo li cas, Sasha ib txwm hlub thiab hwm nws heev.

Txij thaum yau los, Demyanenko Jr. tau npau suav txog kev ua yeeb yam, yog li tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv, yam tsis tau tos, nws tau mus rau Moscow kom nkag mus rau Moscow Art Theatre. Tom qab qhov kev xeem tsis tau tiav, nws rov qab los tsev thiab nkag mus rau hauv Kws Qhia Ntawv Txoj Cai. Tab sis kev npau suav ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tsis tau mus qhov twg. Yog li ntawd, tau npaj ua tib zoo, ib xyoos tom qab nws rov mus rau Moscow. Lub sijhawm no, Alexander ua tiav kev xeem ib zaug rau ob lub tsev kawm qib siab - Shchukin School thiab GITIS. Kuv tau mus kawm ntawm GITIS.

Mironov, Andrei Alexandrovich (1941 - 1987)

- Soviet ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, kws kos duab. Tib Neeg Tus Kws Kos Duab ntawm RSFSR (1980).

Andrei Mironov (lub npe thaum yug - Menaker) yug hauv Moscow thiab yuav luag tam sim ntawm theem ua yeeb yam. Nws niam tau cog lus pib txoj cai thaum ua yeeb yam. Tus tub loj hlob hauv tsev neeg muaj tswv yim ua yeeb yam. Nws txiv, Alexander Menaker, paub txog nws cov suab paj nruag feuilletons, nrog rau tus thawj coj, thiab nws niam, Maria Mironova, ua si hauv Theatre of Contemporary Miniatures thiab ntawm Moscow Art Theatre thiab tseem ua yeeb yaj kiab. Txoj hmoo ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam no, raws li lawv hais, yog qhov kev txiav txim siab yav dhau los los ntawm nws txoj kev yug los.

Xyoo 1948, Andrei Menaker yuav tsum tau mus kawm qib ib. Thiab vim yog kev tawm tsam kev ntxub ntxaug lwm haiv neeg hauv lub tebchaws, nws niam nws txiv tau qhia kom hloov nws lub xeem - yog li Andrei los ua Mironov. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tom tsev kawm ntawv tus neeg ua yeeb yam yav tom ntej yog tus thawj coj thiab tus tsis mloog lus nyob ntsiag to, tab sis nws tsis xav kawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws tsis nyiam cov txuj ci tshwj xeeb. Tab sis los ntawm tsev neeg hauv tsev kawm ntawv nws tau koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam, thiab hauv tsev kawm theem siab nws tau mus rau chav ua yeeb yam ntawm Lub Tsev Me Nyuam Yaus Theatre.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias thaum yau menyuam yaus Andryusha ua npau suav los ua tus tuav football, thiab nws niam nws txiv, tau kwv yees txog txoj haujlwm rau nws ua tus txhais lus, xyoo 1958 Mironov nkag mus hauv tsev ua yeeb yam. Shchukin. Cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg kws tshuaj xyuas tseem tsis tau paub tias lawv tau ntsib tus tub ntawm cov neeg nto moo "Mironova thiab Menaker". Andrei niam thiab txiv tsis tau paub txog kev nkag mus, ncig tebchaws. Mironov tau cuv npe hauv chav kawm ntawm Joseph Rapoport.

Zolotukhin, Valery Sergeevich (1941-2013)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, Tus Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm RSFSR (1987).

Valery Zolotukhin yug hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus thawj coj ua liaj ua teb hauv lub zos Bystry Istok hauv thaj av Altai. Thaum tus tub muaj 7 xyoo, teeb meem tshwm sim rau nws. Nws poob tawm ntawm lub qhov rais thib ob. Muaj tseeb tiag, nws tau dim nrog qhov mob hauv caug hauv caug, tab sis tus tub tau txais kev pab kho mob tsis tsim nyog kiag li. Vim tias qhov twg, nws yuav luag tseem yog ib qho teeb meem rau lub neej. Tus kws kho mob muab tus tub tso rau ntawm lub duav mus rau pob taws. Tab sis tom qab ntawd cov ntshauv pib hauv qab lub plhaub, Valery pib zaws nws txhais ceg nrog txhua yam nws tuaj yeem tau txais. Hmoov zoo, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tshem tawm cov gypsum, uas txhais tau tias tau cawm me ntsis Valerka. Cov niam txiv tau xa lawv tus tub mus rau lub tsev kho mob, thiab nyob ntawd lawv tau ua qhov kev kuaj mob txaus ntshai - tuberculosis pob txha. Cov kws kho mob hais tias nws yuav tsis taug kev ntawm nws tus kheej. Thiab kom txog rau qib yim, tus neeg ua yeeb yam yav tom ntej tau taug kev ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig, tsis mloog zoo rau kev thuam cov menyuam kawm ntawv.

Qhov txawv txaus, thaum tseem yog tub hluas, Valery pib npau suav, tab sis muaj dab tsi ua npau suav txog, nws ntseeg ruaj khov tias ib hnub nws yuav dhau los ua tus kws kos duab. Thaum kawg ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, ib tug tub hluas hauv lub nroog tau mus rau Moscow kom kov yeej GITIS. Thiab dab tsi yog qhov nthuav tshaj plaws - nws tau txais, tab sis tsis nyob txhua qhov chaw, tab sis mus rau chav haujlwm operetta, qhov uas nws tsuas yog tsim nyog ua las voos yooj yim. Tau ntev nws tau zais nws qhov tsis muaj chav kawm seev cev, kov yeej qhov mob los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab, txhawj xeeb tias qhov hnyav yuav tsis pib. Valery Zolotukhin scrupulously polished nws cov txuj ci ua yeeb yam, kawm deb ntawm tsis saib xyuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau xyoo thib tsib, nws tau tswj kom yuav tus poj niam zoo nkauj Nina Shatskaya, uas zoo li Valery, thiab tsis yog rau nws nkaus xwb, ua tsis tau.

Filatov, Leonid Alekseevich (1946 - 2003)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, tus thawj coj ua yeeb yaj kiab, kws sau paj huam, kws sau ntawv, tshaj tawm xov xwm, tshaj tawm TV, Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yaj Kiab ntawm Lavxias Federation (1995).

Leonid Filatov yug hauv Kazan. Tsev neeg tsiv mus nyob ntau, vim kuv txiv yog tus siv xov tooj cua thiab siv sijhawm ntau ntawm kev ntoj ncig. Leonid thaum yau tau siv nyob hauv Penza. Thaum tus tub muaj xya xyoo, nws niam nws txiv sib nrauj thiab Leonid nrog nws niam mus rau Ashgabat kom nyob nrog cov txheeb ze.

Thaum tseem yog menyuam kawm ntawv, nws pib tshaj tawm hauv Ashgabat xovxwm. Xyoo 1965, tom qab tsev kawm ntawv, nws tuaj rau Moscow, vam tias yuav nkag mus rau lub chaw tswj hwm ntawm VGIK. Tom qab qhov kev xeem tsis tiav, nws txiav txim siab mus rau chav ua yeeb yam ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Shchukin, thiab tau txais. Nws kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ua yeeb yam xyoo 1969, hauv tib lub xyoo nws tau los ua ib tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm Moscow Theatre ntawm Taganka.

Zadornov, Mikhail Nikolaevich (1948 - 2017)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias satirist, tus sau nkauj, tus neeg tso dag, ua yeeb yam. Zadornov cov lus qhuab qhia ib txwm yog cov ntsiab lus, tag nrho ntawm cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg, thiab lawv tus phab ej tau pom zoo nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub, yog li ntawd txhua tus neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yam tsis tu ncua tawg mus rau hauv nqe lus, sau ntau tus neeg saib thiab tau ua tiav zoo.

Mikhail Zadornov yug hauv Jurmala. Nws txiv, Nikolai Pavlovich Zadornov, yog tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm hauv keeb kwm ib hom ntawv nyeem. Niam - Elena Melkhiorovna Matusevich - los ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe laus, yog tus niam tsev. Thaum tseem nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv, yav tom ntej satirist pib koom nrog tiag hauv kev ua yeeb yam. Raws li cov neeg tim khawv pom, hauv ib qho ntawm cov menyuam ua yeeb yam hluas Mikhail tau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm turnip kom txawj zoo uas nws tau rub tawm ntau zaus rau qhov rov qab los.

Txawm hais tias ua tiav hauv kev ua yeeb yam, tom qab tsev kawm ntawv, Mikhail Zadornov txiav txim siab nkag mus rau hauv Riga Institute of Civil Aviation Engineers. Muaj pab pawg ntaus pob hauv tebchaws zoo, thiab Mikhail tau txaus siab rau qhov kev ua si no txij thaum tseem yau. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog kev tawg ntawm cov meniscus, yav tom ntej satirist yuav tsum tso kev ncaws pob. Xyoo 1969, Zadornov pauv mus rau Moscow Aviation Institute, qhov uas nws tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav hauv kev tsim kho tshuab. Tom qab kawm tiav, nws nyob hauv tsev kawm qib siab los ua haujlwm ua haujlwm tshawb fawb, thiab nrog txoj hauv kev koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas ua yeeb yam "Russia".

Hauv nws cov tub ntxhais kawm xyoo, Mikhail ua yeeb yam hauv tsev ua yeeb yam no ua tus sau nkauj thiab tus thawj coj. Raws li nws kev coj noj coj ua, kev ua yeeb yam tau txais koob meej hauv tebchaws Soviet. Thawj qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm Zadornov tau luam tawm xyoo 1974, thiab xyoo 1982 Zadornov tau ua nws lub TV ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab nrog ib zaj dab neeg "Tus Tub Kawm Ntawv Tsab Ntawv Tsev" txog kev ua phem rau ntawm tus tub kawm ntawv tsis muaj hmoo.

Samokhina, Anna Vladlenovna (1963 - 2010)

- Soviet thiab Lavxias ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, ua yeeb yaj kiab TV thiab hu nkauj.

Anna Samokhina (Podgornaya) yug hauv Guryevsk. Tom qab ntawd nws nyob hauv Cherepovets, qhov uas yav tom ntej tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau siv nws thaum yau. Nws nyuaj rau hu cov xyoo no zoo siab rau nws. Cov niam txiv tau muab chav pw, qhov uas lub neej tau txaus ntshai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus. Ua ke nrog lawv tus viv ncaus, vim tsis muaj chaw nyob hauv chav, lawv yuav tsum tau pw ntawm lub txaj hauv lub ces kaum ntawm chav ua noj sib koom. Qhov phem tshaj yog kuv txiv haus cawv ntau heev. Yog li ntawd, kev sib ntaus, quaj qw thiab tsoo iav hauv lub neej ntawm cov menyuam yaus twb dhau los lawm. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb caug, Ani txiv thaum kawg haus nws tus kheej thiab tuag. Niam raug yuam kom tsa nws cov ntxhais nws tus kheej. Tsis ntev lawv tau txais chav nyob hauv chav tsev sib koom ua ke, tab sis nyob hauv chav tsev sib koom kuj tsis yooj yim. Cov neeg nyob ze feem ntau sib cav sib ceg, haus dej haus cawv thiab tua neeg tsis yog ib qho yooj yim. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm txhua qhov npau suav phem no, tus ua yeeb yam yav tom ntej tau loj hlob tuaj.

Niam yuav ib lub piano vim nws npau suav tias nws cov ntxhais yuav tau txais kev kawm suab paj nruag. Nws xav kom cov menyuam muaj lub neej zoo dua li nws. Tom qab qib yim, Anya nkag mus hauv tsev kawm ua yeeb yam ntawm lub nroog Yaroslavl thiab kawm ntawm chav kawm Sergei Tikhonov. Tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm qib siab, nws raug xa mus rau lub nroog Rostov-on-Don hauv Cov Hluas Theatre.