Yexus hais yam lus twg tiag, lossis qhov uas tau muaj kev sib cav ntau pua xyoo

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb feem ntau pom zoo tias Yexus yog tus neeg keeb kwm tiag, kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau tshwm sim ntev txog cov xwm txheej thiab xwm txheej ntawm nws lub neej tau piav qhia hauv Phau Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum. Ntawm lwm yam, ib qho ntawm qhov hnyav tshaj plaws thiab nthuav dav yog qhov kev sib cav txog cov lus uas nws tau hais.

Tshwj xeeb, muaj qee qhov tsis meej pem yav dhau los hais txog yam lus uas Yexus tau hais ua tus txiv neej uas tau nyob hauv thawj ib puas xyoo AD hauv Lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Judah hauv tam sim no yog yav qab teb Palestine.

Cov lus nug ntawm Yexus cov lus nyiam tau tshwm sim ib txhis hauv 2014 thaum lub rooj sib tham rau pej xeem hauv Yeluxalees ntawm Israeli Thawj Kav Tebchaws Benjamin Netanyahu thiab Pope Francis thaum lub sij hawm pontiff ncig saib ntawm thaj av Dawb Huv. Hais Pope los ntawm tus neeg txhais lus, Netanyahu hais tias:.

- hais tias tus txiv plig, hais txog cov lus Semitic thaum ub, tam sim no feem ntau yuav ploj mus, uas tau tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg hu ua Arameans, nyob ib puag ncig thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 11th BC. NS. Raws li tau tshaj tawm hauv Washington Post, nws cov ntawv tseem tau hais los ntawm cov neeg Chaldean cov ntseeg hauv Iraq thiab Syria. Tab sis raws li tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no hauv Smithsonian Journal, Aramaic, ib zaug siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab tsoomfwv, zoo li yuav ploj mus nyob rau ib tiam lossis ob tiam. Netanyahu teb sai.

Xov xwm ntawm cov lus tsis sib haum lus tau sau xov xwm, tab sis nws tau muab tawm tias ob tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws thiab Pope feem ntau yuav yog.

Tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Aramaic niaj hnub no, University of Cambridge tus kws hais lus Jeffrey Hahn, sim sau txhua yam ntawm nws cov lus ua ntej lawv cov neeg hais lus zaum kawg tuag. Raws li ib feem ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, Khan xam phaj cov ncauj lus nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Chicago, lub tsev muaj tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm Assyrian, Aramaic hais lus cov ntseeg uas tau khiav lawv lub tebchaws nyob hauv Middle East kom dim kev tsim txom thiab ua tsov rog.

Cov neeg Assyrian tau saws cov lus Aramaic (uas yog los ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj npe hu ua Arameans) thaum lawv tsim lub tebchaws nyob rau sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Tuaj nyob rau xyoo pua yim BC, txawm tias tom qab cov Axilias tau kov yeej lawm, cov lus no tau nthuav tawm hauv thaj av tau ntau pua xyoo. (Raws li koj paub, kev sib tham hauv Mel Gibson xyoo 2004 zaj yeeb yaj kiab Kev mob siab rau ntawm Khetos txog kaum ob teev dhau los ntawm Yexus lub neej tau sau ua Aramaic thiab Latin.)

Aramaic tseem yog hom lus nyob hauv Middle East txog rau xyoo pua xya AD, kom txog thaum nws tau hloov los ntawm Arabic thaum cov tub rog Muslim tau tawm tsam los ntawm Arabia. Tom qab ntawd, tsuas yog cov neeg tsis yog neeg Muslim nyob rau thaj tsam roob nyob deb ntawm Iran, Iraq, Syria thiab Turkey txuas ntxiv hais lus Aramaic. Tshaj li ib puas xyoo dhau los, raws li cov neeg hais lus Aramaic tau khiav tawm ntawm lawv lub zos mus rau lub nroog thiab lwm lub tebchaws (piv txwv li, cov neeg Asxis los ntawm Chicago, xam phaj los ntawm Khan), cov lus no tsis tau raug xa mus rau cov hluas.

Niaj hnub no, txog li ib nrab lab tus neeg hais lus Aramaic tuaj yeem tawg thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tab sis daim duab no yog dag ntxias. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias muaj ntau dua 100 hom lus sib txawv ntawm hom lus ib txwm paub hu ua Neo-Aramaic, qee qhov uas twb dhau los lawm. Lwm hom lus uas muaj ob peb tus neeg hais lus nyob, thiab feem ntau Aramaic tsuas yog siv los hais lus, tsis yog hom lus sau.

Qee qhov kev xav yog raws li pom lub thawv faus los ntawm thawj ib puas xyoo AD nrog cov ntawv Aramaic uas nyeem:. Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm hais tias lub npov no yuav muaj cov seem ntawm James, tus kwv ntawm Yexus ntawm Nazareth, yos los ntawm AD 63. NS.

Yexus zoo li muaj ntau yam lus

Cov kws tshawb fawb thiab keeb kwm keeb kwm feem ntau pom zoo nrog Pope Francis tias keeb kwm Yexus feem ntau hais lus Galilean cov lus Aramaic. Ua tsaug rau kev lag luam, kev tawm tsam thiab kev kov yeej, Aramaic tau nthuav tawm deb dhau ciam teb ntawm lub tebchaws los ntawm xyoo pua 7 BC thiab dhau los ua cov lus ntawm Franks hauv feem ntau ntawm Middle East.

Hauv thawj ib puas xyoo AD, cov lus no yog cov lus siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg Yudais ib txwm muaj, tsis yog tawm tsam cov neeg tseem ceeb kev ntseeg, thiab feem ntau nws yuav siv los ntawm Yexus thiab nws cov thwjtim hauv lawv lub neej niaj hnub.

Tab sis Netanyahu kuj tseem yog txoj hauv kev. Hebrew, uas los ntawm tib hom lus tsev neeg zoo li Aramaic, kuj tau hais dav nyob rau lub sijhawm Yexus. Zoo li Latin niaj hnub no, Hebrew yog hom lus xaiv rau cov kws tshawb fawb kev ntseeg thiab vaj lug kub, suav nrog Phau Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum (txawm hais tias ib feem ntawm Phau Qub tau sau ua Aramaic).

Yexus tej zaum to taub lus Henplais, txawm hais tias nws lub neej niaj hnub yuav zoo li Aramaic. Ntawm thawj plaub phau ntawv ntawm Phau Tshiab, Phau Ntawv Moo Zoo ntawm Mathais thiab Malakaus piav txog Yexus siv cov lus Aramaic thiab kab lus, thaum nyob hauv Lukas 4:16 nws tau pom nyeem cov ntawv Hebrew los ntawm phau Vajlugkub hauv tsev teev ntuj.

Ntxiv rau Aramaic thiab Hebrew, Greek thiab Latin kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv Yexus lub sijhawm. Tom qab Alexander the Great tau kov yeej Mesopotamia thiab tag nrho ntawm Persian Empire nyob rau xyoo pua plaub BC, Greek tau muab lwm yam lus los ua lus tseem ceeb hauv ntau thaj tsam. Hauv thawj ib puas xyoo AD, Yudas yog ib feem ntawm Tebchaws Roman Sab Hnub Tuaj, uas tau lees paub Greek raws li nws cov lus franca thiab khaws Latin rau kev cai lij choj thiab tub rog.

Raws li kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm Ygael Yadin, Aramaic yog cov lus ntawm cov neeg Yudais ua ntej kev tawm tsam ntawm Simon Bar Kokhba. Yadin lees paub hauv cov ntawv nws kawm hloov pauv los ntawm Aramaic mus rau Hebrew, uas tau sau tseg thaum Bar Kochba uprising. Hauv nws phau ntawv, Ygael Yadin sau tseg:.

Nws zoo li Yexus paub peb yam lus sib txawv ntawm cov kab lis kev cai nyob ib puag ncig nws lub neej hauv ntiaj teb: Aramaic, Hebrew, thiab Greek. Raws li qhov kev paub no, nws yuav zoo li Yexus hais txog yam twg ntawm peb yam lus uas tsim nyog tshaj rau cov neeg uas nws tau tham nrog. Yog li ntawd, raws li cov kws paub keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm kev sib cav, kev tsis sib haum ntawm cov ncauj lus no feem ntau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.

Thiab hauv kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ncauj lus, nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas nws txoj hmoo tau tsim yav tom ntej. Tej zaum nws tsis tsuas yog tau sib yuav, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv Nyij Pooj …