5 cov tais diav Lavxias ib txwm uas tau ua noj ua haus sib txawv dua li niaj hnub no

2024 Tus sau: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:06

Xyoo pua nees nkaum tau hloov pauv ntau yam zaub mov Lavxias. Cov tais diav tau hloov pauv, lub qhov cub tau hloov lub qhov cub, cov khoom xyaw tau hloov tas li. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm kev phooj ywg ntawm tib neeg, tib neeg tau qhia kom sim cov tais diav ntawm lwm haiv neeg - thiab ntau ntawm lawv tau qiv hauv daim ntawv yoog raws. Tej zaum cov neeg Lavxias niaj hnub no yuav xav tsis thoob thaum pom nws cov poj koob yawm txwv tau noj dab tsi.

Zaub kua zaub

Tus vaj ntxwv ntawm Soviet lub tsev noj mov yog borscht, thiab ntau tus tau siv nws ntau heev uas los ntawm nees nkaum -thawj ib puas xyoo liab kua zaub hloov cov zaub mov nrov tshaj plaws ua ntej ntawm cov neeg - zaub kua zaub. Thiab txawm hais tias, Stolovskiy zaub kua zaub hauv koj lub siab thiab zaub kua zaub tsis tuaj yeem hu - txawm hais tias tam sim no ntau tus ua noj raws li lub rooj qhia.

Cov zaub mov no muaj ntau qhov laj thawj rau nws cov neeg nyiam nyob rau lub sijhawm puag thaum ub. Ua ntej tshaj, nws yuav luag tsis xav tau zaub mov tshiab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv sov thiab tsis muaj tub yees. Qhov thib ob, vim yog cov khoom fermented hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws tau pab lub plab txhawm rau tiv nrog lwm cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb - hnyav thiab ntom cov neeg ua mov ci. Muaj thib peb thiab plaub, nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev los sau.

Muaj ntau yam zaub mov txawv rau zaub kua zaub. Nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, nyob rau hnub uas nrawm lossis qeeb, ntawm kev muaj nyiaj ntawm tsev neeg, tus tswv tsev tso qee cov zaub kua zaub lossis lwm tus rau ntawm lub rooj. Muaj ntau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus zoo ib yam. Cov zaub kua zaub yuav tsum muaj cov hauv paus acidic, cov hauv paus hmoov, cov nplooj tuaj yeem noj, thiab cov txuj lom.

Cov qaub qaub nrov tshaj plaws yog sauerkraut lossis sorrel, qee zaum lwm cov zaub fermented thiab cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem noj tau. Yog tias cov kua zaub tau siav ntawm cov zaub tshiab, nws tau acidified hauv ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov. Lemons tsis loj hlob hauv tebchaws Russia ua liaj ua teb, yog li lawv feem ntau cuam cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib. Lawv tuaj yeem ua kom cov kua zaub dawb nrog kua mis nyeem qaub lossis qaub cream. Zaub qhwv zaub qhwv, los ntawm txoj kev, zoo li borscht nrog zaub qhwv, tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ntej lub xyoo pua thib kaum - ua ntej ntawd, zaub qhwv los ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Mediterranean tsis nkag mus rau Slavs.

Txog rau xyoo pua puas xyoo, hmoov nplej lossis nplej, piv txwv li, barley (peb paub nws li barley), tau siv ua cov hmoov txhuv nplej puag. Tsuas yog nyob hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv kaum xyoo cov qos yaj ywm khov kho nkag mus rau hauv cov kua zaub zaub, txawm hais tias lawv tau coj los nyob rau hauv Peter I. Ntawm cov neeg uas tau tso cai los ntawm tsoomfwv los cog qos yaj ywm thiab faib lawv ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb yog Abraham Hannibal, Sudanese tus tub huabtais, tus tub ntawm Peter thiab cov yawg koob ntawm Pushkin.

Cov kua zaub zoo tshaj plaws tau txiav txim siab ntawm nqaij nyuj, tab sis tsis nyob ntawm chav chav. Cov nqaij tshiab yog cov zaub mov lom zem, nws tau mus rau ntawm lub rooj tam sim ntawd - txawm tias kib lossis kib. Cov nqaij tau mus rau hauv cov kua zaub kua zaub thaum nws twb tau pib "ua raws txoj hauv kev". Qee zaum tsuas yog cov pob txha pob txha mus txog cov kua zaub. Tau kawg, lawv tau ua zaub qhwv zaub kua zaub rau nqaij npuas, ntses, nqaij qaib, thiab ua kom tiav. Ib lub qe feem ntau tso rau hauv cov zaub ntsuab zaub ntsuab, ua los ntawm nettle lossis sorrel, tsis yog nqaij. Thiab, tau kawg, txhua yam txuj lom uas muaj tau suav nrog hauv cov kua zaub zaub - tom qab tag nrho, lawv tau ua noj rau ob peb hnub, thiab cov txuj lom tau pab lawv kom muaj sia nyob. Muaj tseeb, nyob rau ob peb hnub no cov kua zaub kua zaub txuas ntxiv mus rau qhov khov. Qhov no tau txiav txim siab ib txwm muaj thiab ntau tus txawm nyiam nws.

Kurnik

Yog tias koj tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account Cossacks, leej twg muaj lawv tus kheej lub tswv yim ntawm cov ncuav no, tom qab ntawd kurnik hauv Russia tau txais kev pabcuam nkaus xwb rau kab tshoob kev kos thiab qee hnub so kev ntseeg. Hauv thaj av sab qaum teb, piv txwv li, nyob ze Arkhangelsk, kurnik feem ntau ua nrog ntses, tsis yog nqaij qaib. Thiab nws lub npe tsis txuas nrog kev sau, tab sis nrog qhov tseeb tias muaj lub qhov nyob saum lub ncuav qab zib, dhau qhov uas cov pa tau haus.

Raws li txoj cai, qos yaj ywm lossis txhuv tau muab tso rau hauv lub tsev qaib niaj hnub no. Buckwheat porridge tau muab tso rau hauv cov nqaij qaib tsoos. Raws li ntau qhov sib txawv tau ntxiv rau nqaij qaib thiab buckwheat raws li lawv tuaj yeem xav txog - tom qab tag nrho, lawv yuav tsum ua piv txwv txog kev muaj nyiaj ntawm tsev neeg yav tom ntej. Ntxiv mus, kurniks tau tawg hla lub taub hau ntawm nkauj nyab thiab nraug vauv, thiab ntau qhov sib txawv sib sau ua rau lawv, qhov kev vam meej ntau tau kwv yees rau lawv. Daim ntawv sauerkraut, qe, kib dos, nceb tuaj yeem ntog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas … Txhua qhov kev ntim hauv cov ncuav qab zib tau ntog nrog cov ntawv me me ntawm lub khob noom cookie.

Pancakes thiab cheesecakes

Pancakes yog cov zaub mov nrov vim tias lawv tsis xav tau cov khoom xyaw kim. Tab sis txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tau ci txhua hnub (piv txwv li, kho cov qhua tsis tau npaj tseg), vim tias thaum npaj cov pancakes, tsis zoo li cov zaub kua zaub los yog porridge, tus tswv tsev tsis tas yuav tawm hauv qhov cub. Tab sis cov pancakes uas tau noj ua ntej lub xyoo pua nees nkaum yuav tsis tas yuav txaus siab rau niaj hnub Lavxias.

Ua ntej, qaub rye pancakes tau nrov dua cov nplej. "Dawb" pancakes tau npaj feem ntau rau kev pam tuag thiab Shrovetide. Ob qho vim yog kev sib txuas nrog kev ua kev nco, lossis vim tias cov nplej muaj nqi ntau dua li rye, tab sis lawv yooj yim tsis tau noj cov nplej pancakes hauv ntau lub nroog Lavxias. Ib qho ntxiv, pancakes feem ntau kib tsis yog roj - roj feem ntau raws li cov khoom lag luam tsis tau siv txhua hnub - tab sis nyob hauv cov roj yaj.

Pancakes tuaj yeem khoob, lossis lawv tuaj yeem ntim tau uas tau qhwv rau hauv lawv tom qab ua noj. Qhov feem ntau ua kom puv yog cov porridge uas seem, uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw rau ntim nrog dos, zaub qhwv, thiab cov khoom seem ntawm lwm yam zaub mov. Qaub nplaum rau pancakes tsis tau txais kev pab nyob rau hnub ua haujlwm, tshwj tsis yog nws tsim nyog kom txuag nws sai.

Raws li cov zaub mov niaj hnub, pancakes, thiab txawm tias cov nplej, tau nthuav tawm nyob rau xyoo pua puas xyoo hauv lub nroog taverns. Ntau zaus cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tau noj lawv thiab cov tswv av. Txawm hais tias pancakes tau yooj yim rau kev pov tseg cov zaub mov noj rau lub caij so, cov poj niam ua liaj ua teb nyiam ua ci pies, piv txwv li, vekoshnik lossis cheesecake, rau tib lub hom phiaj.

Yog, ua ntej hauv tebchaws Russia, cheesecakes tau ci tsis yog tsuas yog tsev cheese lossis jam - cia ib yam dab tsi tuaj yeem muaj: zaub qhwv, txiv apples, turnips, qos yaj ywm, txawm tias nettles. Curd cheesecakes tau npaj rau qee hnub so, piv txwv li, rau Ivan Kupala lossis Yegor Veshny. Feem ntau yuav, thaum pib curd cheesecakes yog cov tais diav pagan. Cheesecakes nrog jam kis tau meej hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum.

Kissel

Tam sim no qhov no feem ntau yog hu ua cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nrog rau saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Rov qab rau hauv Soviet lub sijhawm, cov khoom noj tau npaj ua los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab cov tsw qab tau muag rau nws, uas tsuas yog tuaj yeem diluted nrog dej thiab ua noj. Tab sis rau cov neeg Lavxias teb sab, jelly tsis yog dej haus, tab sis tais uas tau noj nrog rab diav.

Lo lus "jelly" hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog lo lus "qaub" yog ib txwm ua zaub mov raws li cov hmoov fermented. Oat jelly yog nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau xyoo pua puas xyoo - oats tsis tsuas yog muab cov hmoov txhuv nplej ntau, tab sis kuj qab zib rau lawv tus kheej. Ntxiv nrog rau oats, cov qoob loo xws li rye, nplej thiab hemp tau siv rau jelly. Unleavened jelly, ntxiv rau oats, tau ua los ntawm taum pauv.

Kissel ntawm cov hauv paus fermented tau qab zib nrog dej zib ntab lossis mis nyuj tshiab, suav nrog tsis skimmed (nrog qab zib) mis. Pea jelly feem ntau ua ke nrog nqaij broth lossis kib dos. Kissel tau noj ob qho kub thiab txias - txias nws zoo li jelly, thiab nws tau txiav nrog rab riam.

Kissel yog cov zaub mov nrov uas thaum cov zaub mov nrawm tau nrov nyob hauv khw muag khoom, nws tau muab nrog rau kalachi thiab lwm yam zaub mov "nrawm". Lawv scooped nws tawm ntawm cov thoob loj. Txawm hais tias jelly yog cov zaub mov niaj hnub nrov, nws tau ua tiav rau kev pam tuag thiab ntawm "niam txiv" Hnub Saturday. Txhua qhov chaw muaj nws tus kheej cov lus zais ntxiv ntawm kev ua noj thiab ua jelly.

Lub teb chaws tsis tsuas yog nplua nuj hauv cov kua zaub zaub. Dab tsi yog siav hauv thaj tsam sib txawv ntawm Russia: Posekunchiki, borscht hiav txwv thiab lwm yam tais diav ib txwm tsim nyog sim.